Russian Revolution · TURNING POINT · 1881–82

Jewish refugees at Brody (1881–82)

On the Russian Revolution map as “Brody: the road west”

1881–82 — At Brody, thousands of Jewish refugees fleeing the pogroms cross into Austria. They camp in the streets while aid committees arrange their onward passage to Hamburg and New York. By 1914, two to three million Jews will have left the empire.

When: 1881–82
Type: Turning point
Chapter: Counter-reforms of Alexander III (chapter 2 of Russian Revolution)
Atlas: The Russian Revolution, 1855–1924

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Map showing Jewish refugees at Brody (1881–82), turning point in The Russian Revolution, 1855–1924 — TURNING POINT · THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, 1855–1924

These maps are reconstructed from published sources · Cambridge Modern History Atlas, map 108 — Russia in Europe (1912) · Cliopatria v0.2.1 — dated political boundaries · The Jewish Encyclopedia (1901), volume 10 — Pale of Settlement map · Pamir Boundary Commission — signed delimitation map, 1895/1896 · C. Perron / Élisée Reclus — Russian Encroachments in Turkestan (1884)

Source details

Cambridge Modern History Atlas, map 108 — Russia in Europe (1912). Historical map published before 1931; independently digitized factual geography. Original scan not republished.
Cliopatria contributors / Seshat Global History Databank. CC BY4.0 · Dated polity and constituent territory selections; campaign-dependent occupation overlays reconstructed separately.
The Jewish Encyclopedia (1901), volume 10 — Pale of Settlement map. Historical map published before 1931; independently digitized factual geography. Original scan not republished.
Pamir Boundary Commission — signed delimitation map, 1895/1896. Public domain
C. Perron / Élisée Reclus — Russian Encroachments in Turkestan (1884). Historical map published before 1931; independently digitized factual geography. Original scan not republished.

Imperial borders use dated political outlines. The 1856/1878 Bessarabian settlement and Kars–Batum acquisition are corrected from the published atlas. Turkmen acquisitions follow the 1884 Reclus map, with Merv entering only after 1884.

reconstruction: 1891.41 · trace: 1878 settlement, mapped in 1912 · trace: 1901 source used as the closest provincial reference for 1881–1891 · vector: 1891.41

Layer records and reconstruction methods