The Russian Revolution, 1855–1924 · THE MAP IN MAY 1891

Map of the Russian Empire in May 1891

The Trans-Siberian begun

The Russian Empire in May 1891: The Trans-Siberian begun. Since March 1881, 4 territories changed status on this map: including Russian Turkestan (mod. Uzbekistan), Transcaspia (mod. Turkmenistan), Russian Turkestan (mod. Kyrgyzstan) and 1 more.

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Map of the Russian Empire in May 1891: The Trans-Siberian begun. Colours show The Tsarist empire, Foreign powers & intervention. — MAY 1891 · THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, 1855–1924

These maps are reconstructed from published sources · Cambridge Modern History Atlas, map 108 — Russia in Europe (1912) · Cliopatria v0.2.1 — dated political boundaries · The Jewish Encyclopedia (1901), volume 10 — Pale of Settlement map · Pamir Boundary Commission — signed delimitation map, 1895/1896 · C. Perron / Élisée Reclus — Russian Encroachments in Turkestan (1884)

Source details

Cambridge Modern History Atlas, map 108 — Russia in Europe (1912). Historical map published before 1931; independently digitized factual geography. Original scan not republished.
Cliopatria contributors / Seshat Global History Databank. CC BY4.0 · Dated polity and constituent territory selections; campaign-dependent occupation overlays reconstructed separately.
The Jewish Encyclopedia (1901), volume 10 — Pale of Settlement map. Historical map published before 1931; independently digitized factual geography. Original scan not republished.
Pamir Boundary Commission — signed delimitation map, 1895/1896. Public domain
C. Perron / Élisée Reclus — Russian Encroachments in Turkestan (1884). Historical map published before 1931; independently digitized factual geography. Original scan not republished.

Imperial borders use dated political outlines. The 1856/1878 Bessarabian settlement and Kars–Batum acquisition are corrected from the published atlas. Turkmen acquisitions follow the 1884 Reclus map, with Merv entering only after 1884.

reconstruction: 1891.41 · trace: 1878 settlement, mapped in 1912 · trace: 1901 source used as the closest provincial reference for 1881–1891 · vector: 1891.41

Layer records and reconstruction methods

What changes on the map

Russian Turkestan (mod. Uzbekistan)	Neutral or independent → The Tsarist empire
Transcaspia (mod. Turkmenistan)	Neutral or independent → The Tsarist empire
Russian Turkestan (mod. Kyrgyzstan)	Neutral or independent → The Tsarist empire
Russian Turkestan (mod. Tajikistan)	Neutral or independent → The Tsarist empire

On the ground

Russia, Afghanistan, China and Britain disputed the Pamirs until 1895

The chapters of this moment

CH 2 — Counter-reforms of Alexander III

Related maps

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