MAPS OF HISTORY · DECOLONIZATION OF AFRICA · BATTLES AND EVENTS · CODESA negotiationsDecolonization of Africa · TURNING POINT · 1991–93
CODESA negotiations (1991–93)
On the Decolonization of Africa map as “CODESA — the negotiated revolution”
1991–93 — At a conference centre outside Johannesburg, apartheid’s rulers bargain with their former prisoners over a constitution. The talks endure walkouts, massacres and the threat of civil war. A settlement holds.
When 1991–93 Type Turning point Chapter End of apartheid (chapter 11 of Decolonization of Africa)Atlas The Decolonization of Africa, 1945–1994 TURNING POINT · THE DECOLONIZATION OF AFRICA, 1945–1994 These maps are reconstructed from published sources · Cliopatria v0.2.1: reviewed historical components · Natural Earth v5.1.2: 1:10m countries · South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission: final report · UN: former Trust and Non-Self-Governing Territories · UN: Western Sahara remains a Non-Self-Governing Territory
Source details Cliopatria contributors / Seshat Global History Databank. CC BY 4.0 · Explicit record/component selection; documented nearby-date proxies, intersections and unions. Known compound-name and end-date errors excluded. Natural Earth. Public domain · Full source coordinates retained; African extraction; Egypt self-touching ring repaired with negligible area delta; explicit historical unions. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa. Historical factual evidence; text and images not reproduced United Nations; territorial successions and independence dates. Historical factual evidence; text and images not reproduced United Nations; no independent-sovereignty claim. Historical factual evidence; text and images not reproduced The maps are reconstructed from published sources. Explicit records provide historical unions and changed colonial units; inherited outer boundaries use the closest reusable reference from the source vintage.
War hatches mark affected administrative reporting regions. They do not trace exact fronts or the extent of controlled territory. Each layer records its source selection and boundary dates.
Western Sahara is shown as disputed, following the UN status record, rather than as an independently sovereign state. This corrects the inherited map classification while leaving the chapter text unchanged.
The eastern-edge Israeli polygons show published control extents, including occupied territory, rather than sovereign claims. The source covering 1976–82 does not resolve each stage of the Sinai withdrawal.
proxy: Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference · reconstruction: 1945–1994; contemporary source perimeter · reconstruction: 1960–1994; contemporary source perimeter · vector: 1958–1959 Spanish Sahara extent; reused for the disputed territory after 1975 · vector: 1963–1975 source; nearby-date exterior reference for 1945–1994 · vector: 1969–1975; reused after 1975 · vector: 1987–2005
Layer records and reconstruction methods
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