WW2 · TURNING POINT · 1936–39

Spanish Civil War (1936–39)

1936–39 — In the Spanish Civil War, Germany and Italy arm Franco while the USSR helps the Republic. The conflict gives future enemies in the world war experience of fighting, making it a rehearsal for the larger war to come.

When: 1936–39
Type: Turning point
Chapter: Appeasement and the road to WW2 (chapter 1 of WW2)
Atlas: The War Room — WW2, 1936–1945

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Map showing Spanish Civil War (1936–39), turning point in The War Room — WW2, 1936–1945 — TURNING POINT · THE WAR ROOM — WW2, 1936–1945

These maps are reconstructed from published sources · Cliopatria v0.2.1 — dated political boundaries · United States Holocaust Memorial Museum — German territorial expansion · IGM Fiume, 1:25,000, sheet53B II SE — boundary established in1924 · Natural Earth — physical reference geography · Yugoslavia (1929–1939) location map — international frontier and Adriatic coast · Treaty of Rome (1924), division of Fiume and west-bank boundary

Source details

Cliopatria contributors / Seshat Global History Databank. CC BY4.0 · Dated polity and constituent territory selections; campaign-dependent occupation overlays reconstructed separately.
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Historical dates consulted; no prose or image copied
Istituto Geografico Militare, Fiume (printed1946; 1927 survey with1931–1940 updates), reproduced by Istituto regionale per la storia della Resistenza e dell’Età contemporanea nel Friuli Venezia Giulia. Independent reconstruction from graticule coordinates and boundary observations; archive page reserves artwork rights.. Geographical-fact reconstruction; original archive artwork not distributed
Natural Earth. Public domain
NordNordWest/Wikipedia. Converted from the published SVG to WGS84; eastern Italian regional territory extracted. Source cites Velhagen & Klasings Großer Volksatlas (1938).. CC BY-SA 3.0 Germany
1924 agreement interpreted alongside the regional history institute and City of Rijeka’s explanation of the Donja/Gornja Drenova division.. Historical geographic facts; citation only

The eastern Italian frontier uses the published 1930s regional map and a reconstruction of the 1924 Fiume boundary. Source conquests after April 1941 remain separately dated.

The dates of published political outlines retain the resolution available in their sources. Military fronts and operational perimeters have their own source and method records.

reconstruction: 1936–1937 · reconstruction: 1936–1938 · reconstruction: 1936–1939 · reconstruction: 1936–1940 · reconstruction: 1936–1941 · reconstruction: 1936–1942 · reconstruction: 1936–1944 · reconstruction: 1938.25 · vector: 1815–1937 · vector: 1912–1955 · vector: 1918–1938 · vector: 1919–1937 · vector: 1920–1937 · vector: 1920–1939 · vector: 1924–1940 · vector: 1927–1939 · vector: 1932–1937 · vector: 1936–1937 · vector: 1936–1938 · vector: 1936–1939 · vector: 1936–1941 · vector: 1936–1945

Layer records and reconstruction methods