THE DAY IN HISTORY · JULY 1

July 1 in history

What happened on July 1: 6 moments from the Maps of History atlases, in 1097, 1520, 1862, 1911, 1916 and 1957, each linked to the map that shows it.

1097 — Battle of Dorylaeum

1 Jul 1097 — Turkish forces ambush and encircle the crusaders on the march. The crusaders survive and shatter the Sultanate of Rûm’s field army, opening the way across Anatolia. Hunger and thirst on that journey will kill more people than battle.

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1520 — La Noche Triste

30 June–1 July 1520 — The Spaniards fled Tenochtitlan at night along the Tlacopan causeway. Warriors attacked where the bridges had been removed, leaving gaps in their route. Hundreds of Spaniards and thousands of their Tlaxcalan allies died in those gaps and in the lake.

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1862 — Seven Days Battles

25 Jun–1 Jul 1862 — Only three weeks into command, Lee attacks every day for a week. He drives McClellan’s hundred thousand men back from Richmond’s suburbs, losing 20,000 of his own men in the process. The Union’s best early chance to end the war recedes for two years.

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1911 — Agadir Crisis

1 Jul 1911 — Germany sends a gunboat to Morocco’s Atlantic coast and demands compensation for France’s takeover of the country. Britain publicly warns Berlin. When the crisis ends in November, Germany receives a slice of French Congo, a settlement German nationalists denounce as a humiliation.

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1916

The first day of the Somme: 57,000 British casualties before nightfall, the bloodiest day in that army’s history.

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1957 — Mao’s editorial against Wenhui Bao

1 Jul 1957 — Mao himself writes a People’s Daily editorial attacking Shanghai’s Wenhui Bao for its “bourgeois orientation” in printing criticism during the Hundred Flowers. Over the following months, editors, writers, teachers and business people who had spoken out in Shanghai are named as rightists.

READ THIS MOMENT → · SEE IT ON THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC UNDER MAO MAP → · THE FULL STORY →