MAPS OF HISTORY · WW2 · BATTLES AND EVENTS · Operation TorchWW2 · BATTLE SITE · 1942
Operation Torch (1942)
8 Nov 1942 — Operation Torch brings American and British troops ashore in Morocco and Algeria. Their landings open a second front against Axis forces in North Africa.
When 8 Nov 1942 Type Battle site Chapter Stalingrad and El Alamein (chapter 9 of WW2)Atlas The War Room — WW2, 1936–1945 BATTLE SITE · THE WAR ROOM — WW2, 1936–1945 These maps are reconstructed from published sources · US War Department — Atlas of the World Battle Fronts (1945) · Cliopatria v0.2.1 — dated political boundaries · Regional history institute — Italian annexations of1941, Fiume province and Krk · IGM Fiume, 1:25,000, sheet53B II SE — boundary established in1924 · Natural Earth — physical reference geography · Yugoslavia (1929–1939) location map — international frontier and Adriatic coast · Treaty of Rome (1924), division of Fiume and west-bank boundary · Murli / rowanwindwhistler — Slovakia border changes, 1938–1945 · United States Holocaust Memorial Museum — The Holocaust in Slovakia · US Military Academy — The War in Eastern Europe (1952), maps7 and15 · Slovak Nation’s Memory Institute — The First Vienna Award
Source details United States War Department, General Staff,1945. US Army official work; public domain Cliopatria contributors / Seshat Global History Databank. CC BY4.0 · Dated polity and constituent territory selections; campaign-dependent occupation overlays reconstructed separately. Regional history institute — Italian annexations of1941, Fiume province and Krk. Historical geographic facts consulted; source prose and artwork not republished Istituto Geografico Militare, Fiume (printed1946; 1927 survey with1931–1940 updates), reproduced by Istituto regionale per la storia della Resistenza e dell’Età contemporanea nel Friuli Venezia Giulia. Independent reconstruction from graticule coordinates and boundary observations; archive page reserves artwork rights.. Geographical-fact reconstruction; original archive artwork not distributed Natural Earth. Public domain NordNordWest/Wikipedia. Converted from the published SVG to WGS84; eastern Italian regional territory extracted. Source cites Velhagen & Klasings Großer Volksatlas (1938).. CC BY-SA 3.0 Germany 1924 agreement interpreted alongside the regional history institute and City of Rijeka’s explanation of the Donja/Gornja Drenova division.. Historical geographic facts; citation only Murli; SVG adaptation by rowanwindwhistler (2021). CC BY-SA 2.5; derived geographic paths under the same license · Georeferenced actual published vector regions using eight printed city positions; no map artwork or labels in the atlas. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum — The Holocaust in Slovakia. Historical chronology consulted; no source prose or artwork republished Department of Military Art and Engineering, United States Military Academy,1952. US federal government work; public domain maps Slovak Nation’s Memory Institute — The First Vienna Award. Historical territorial chronology consulted; no source artwork or prose republished The moving front follows the source-map position for 1942-11 /1943-07. The source date is kept separate from the chapter anchor; manual registration has the precision of a regional map.
The source’s 1943 bridgehead is the nearest regional reference for the Tunisian campaign footprint in November 1942, though it does not resolve the exact front that month. After the May 1943 surrender, the area is Allied-controlled.
Slovak territory is reconstructed from the published 1938–1945 border-change map, which separates the client state from Hungarian and German annexations. This regional source does not resolve small northern frontier changes or survey-level detail. After August 1944, German military occupation supersedes the client-state fill.
The eastern Italian frontier uses the published 1930s regional map and a reconstruction of the 1924 Fiume boundary. Source conquests after April 1941 remain separately dated.
The dates of published political outlines retain the resolution available in their sources. Military fronts and operational perimeters have their own source and method records.
proxy: Late 1942–May 1943 campaign component; dated control by chapter · reconstruction: 1936–1942 · reconstruction: 1939–1944 · reconstruction: 1941–1944 · reconstruction: 1942-11 /1943-07 · reconstruction: 1942.9 · reconstruction: 1942–1942 · reconstruction: 1942–1943 · reconstruction: 1942–1945 · trace: 1942-11 /1943-07 · vector: 1912–1955 · vector: 1936–1944 · vector: 1936–1945 · vector: 1938–1972 · vector: 1939–1944 · vector: 1939–2023 · vector: 1940–1942 · vector: 1940–1943 · vector: 1941–1943 · vector: 1941–1944 · vector: 1942–1942 · vector: 1942–1943 · vector: 1942–1945
Layer records and reconstruction methods
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