{"schemaVersion":1,"atlasId":"transitions","claim":"Maps reconstructed from published sources","sources":{"NE":{"title":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 complete geographic reference","url":"https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/tree/v5.1.2","license":"Public domain","licenseUrl":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/","credit":"Natural Earth contributors","sha256":"239eec57ac17f100a11e2536cffc56752c318b50ae765b0918ff7aab4ce8f255"},"NE_ADM1":{"title":"Natural Earth full administrative reference units","url":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-1-states-provinces/","license":"Public domain","credit":"Natural Earth contributors","sha256":"22d0e3ad85eb3e27f17cabf8ba2d50e554fbc27a87796ff891d958185da62fb5"},"NE_DISPUTED_2018":{"title":"Natural Earth v4.1.0 archived disputed territories (pre-2020 Karabakh)","url":"https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/tree/v4.1.0","license":"Public domain","credit":"Natural Earth contributors","sha256":"ba9dec31b5d74b536400456b39a4174b84cbc693c09f69a55fc2e09223f035f5","changes":"Complete earlier source perimeter retained. The 2018 edition is a closest-source reference for the 1994 ceasefire era; it does not resolve small 2016 frontline changes."},"NE_DISPUTED":{"title":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 disputed-area references","url":"https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/tree/v5.1.2","license":"Public domain","credit":"Natural Earth contributors","sha256":"9cafef8b7dfb6b164dc58f218f981f4ace9f716f6c03795d4c62d1ac9f3d50f5"},"CLIO":{"title":"Cliopatria v0.2.1 dated political boundaries","url":"https://github.com/Seshat-Global-History-Databank/cliopatria/tree/v0.2.1","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","credit":"Cliopatria contributors / Seshat Global History Databank","version":"0.2.1","sha256":"fc6f0d1e4cc42f45da83522b3696db6f2cc85ec0d12259a85c89b31347b8fc0a"},"EDO":{"title":"Edo Domains c.1862, v0.1","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17139791","downloadUrl":"https://github.com/geoiao/edo-domains/releases/download/v0.1/edo-domains-gpkg.zip","license":"CC0 1.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","credit":"iao (2025), using Rekihaku village-domain records and MAFF 2015 agricultural settlement geometry; upstream processing by yaoyue00085856","version":"v0.1 September2025","sha256":"3e2f5b30a44cd4a41b25e3c0720dba2d076fd29de5a76ae36341b4d5a6aeebd4","changes":"Original EPSG:4326 village polygons dissolved per domain; source enclaves and holes retained. c.1862 is the closest dated reference for earlier chapters; village proxies are not cadastral surveys."},"NKAO":{"title":"International Crisis Group: former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast geographic data","url":"https://github.com/CrisisGroup/nk-data-repo/blob/main/geodata/nagorno-karabakh-borders.geojson","license":"GPL-3.0","licenseUrl":"https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html","credit":"International Crisis Group","sha256":"033a97668ea67ae037b3f7b7224d2f48dc29590d2208f184ed65c09af5e7a8e5","changes":"Only features explicitly labelled former NKAO are dissolved, irrespective of later control category. Later adjacent territories and Lachin corridor are excluded. Derivative data provided separately under GPL3."},"CONTEXT":{"title":"Atlas chapter bibliography and event-specific source record","url":"https://mapsofhistory.com/sources/transitions/geometry/README.md","license":"Historical factual reference; no copyrighted prose reproduced","credit":"Maps of History, citing the scholarly bibliography in SOURCES.md"},"TREATIES":{"title":"The World and Japan database: official historical treaties","url":"https://worldjpn.net/03world/index.html","license":"Historical official treaty facts; no translated prose copied","credit":"GRIPS / University of Tokyo"},"CHOSHU":{"title":"Yamaguchi Prefecture: Hagi main domain and four branch domains","url":"https://bunkazai.pref.yamaguchi.lg.jp/sp/support/theme/tyousyuu/tnaka.html","license":"Historical factual evidence; no map or prose copied","credit":"Yamaguchi Prefecture cultural heritage service"},"JAPAN_RUSSIA":{"title":"Joint Japanese–Russian compendium of territorial treaties, 1855–1905","url":"https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/europe/russia/territory/edition92/preface.html","license":"Official historical treaty facts","credit":"Ministries of Foreign Affairs of Japan and the Russian Federation"},"BALTIC":{"title":"UNESCO Memory of the World: the Baltic Way","url":"https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/baltic-way-human-chain-linking-three-states-their-drive-freedom","license":"Historical factual reference","credit":"UNESCO Memory of the World"},"ww-cliopatria-v0.2.1":{"title":"Cliopatria v 0.2.1 — dated political boundaries","url":"https://github.com/Seshat-Global-History-Databank/cliopatria/tree/v0.2.1","downloadUrl":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Seshat-Global-History-Databank/cliopatria/v0.2.1/cliopatria.geojson.zip","credit":"Cliopatria contributors / Seshat Global History Databank","license":"CC BY4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","version":"0.2.1","sha256":"fc6f0d1e4cc42f45da83522b3696db6f2cc85ec0d12259a85c89b31347b8fc0a","changes":"Dated polity and constituent territory selections; campaign-dependent occupation overlays reconstructed separately."},"NE_RIVER":{"title":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 Amur / Heilong Jiang river centreline","url":"https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/tree/v5.1.2","license":"Public domain","credit":"Natural Earth contributors","sha256":"bb854a900ecbd3b408df46d5e16e3e0f974ba55993f9d8b5c26e855273c0905a"},"cw-NE":{"title":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 country geography","url":"https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/tree/v5.1.2","license":"Public domain","licenseUrl":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/","credit":"Natural Earth contributors","sha256":"239eec57ac17f100a11e2536cffc56752c318b50ae765b0918ff7aab4ce8f255","changes":"Full source components and holes retained; documented historical unions and repairs."},"cw-CLIO":{"title":"Cliopatria v0.2.1 historical polities","url":"https://github.com/Seshat-Global-History-Databank/cliopatria/tree/v0.2.1","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","credit":"Cliopatria contributors / Seshat Global History Databank","sha256":"fc6f0d1e4cc42f45da83522b3696db6f2cc85ec0d12259a85c89b31347b8fc0a","changes":"Selected dated records; documented component selection, unions and shared-edge extraction."},"cw-NE_ADMIN1":{"title":"Natural Earth administrative references","url":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-cultural-vectors/10m-admin-1-states-provinces/","license":"Public domain","credit":"Natural Earth contributors","sha256":"22d0e3ad85eb3e27f17cabf8ba2d50e554fbc27a87796ff891d958185da62fb5"},"cw-BERLIN_WALL":{"title":"The rise and fall of the Berlin Wall","url":"https://diplomacy.state.gov/berlin-wall/","license":"Historical facts cited; no source artwork or prose reproduced","credit":"US government historical publication"},"cw-DECOLONIZATION":{"title":"Decolonization of Asia and Africa, 1945–1960","url":"https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/asia-and-africa","license":"US government publication","credit":"US Department of State, Office of the Historian"},"cw-AIRLIFT":{"title":"The Berlin Airlift, 1948–1949","url":"https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/berlin-airlift","license":"Historical facts cited; no source artwork or prose reproduced","credit":"US government historical publication"},"cw-BERLIN_STATUS":{"title":"Berlin’s four-power status and its termination","url":"https://1997-2001.state.gov/background_notes/germany_9803_bgn.html","license":"Historical facts cited; no source artwork or prose reproduced","credit":"US government historical publication"}},"geometries":{"crimea-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"crimea-reference","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"RUS","name":"Crimea","adm1":"RUS-283"},{"adm0":"RUS","name":"Sevastopol","adm1":"RUS-5482"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"satsuma":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-satsuma.geojson","featureId":"satsuma","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Kagoshima_薩摩鹿児島藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[130.55,31.6,"Kagoshima"]],"outsideAnchors":[[139.7,35.7,"Tokyo excluded"]]}},"higo":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-higo.geojson","featureId":"higo","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Kumamoto_肥後熊本藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"hizen":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-hizen.geojson","featureId":"hizen","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Saga_肥前佐賀藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"chikuzen":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-chikuzen.geojson","featureId":"chikuzen","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Fukuoka_筑前福岡藩.gpkg","Kurume_筑後久留米藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"choshu":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-choshu.geojson","featureId":"choshu","sourceIds":["EDO","CHOSHU"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Yamaguchi_周防山口藩.gpkg","Nagato Fuchu_長門府中藩.gpkg","Kiyosue_長門清末藩.gpkg","Tokuyama_周防徳山藩.gpkg","Iwakuni_周防岩国領.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[131.4,34.4,"Hagi"],[130.94,33.96,"Shimonoseki, Chofu branch"],[132.22,34.17,"Iwakuni branch"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"aki":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-aki.geojson","featureId":"aki","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Hiroshima_安芸広島藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"bizen":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-bizen.geojson","featureId":"bizen","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Okayama_備前岡山藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"inaba":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-inaba.geojson","featureId":"inaba","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Tottori_因幡鳥取藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"awa":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-awa.geojson","featureId":"awa","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Tokushima_阿波徳島藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"tosa":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-tosa.geojson","featureId":"tosa","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Kochi_土佐高知藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"kaga":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-kaga.geojson","featureId":"kaga","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Kanazawa_加賀金沢藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[136.66,36.56,"Kanazawa"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"sendai":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-sendai.geojson","featureId":"sendai","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Sendai_陸奥仙台藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"morioka":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-morioka.geojson","featureId":"morioka","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Morioka_陸奥盛岡藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"kubota":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-kubota.geojson","featureId":"kubota","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Akita_出羽秋田藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"tsugaru":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-tsugaru.geojson","featureId":"tsugaru","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Hirosaki_陸奥弘前藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"matsumae":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/edo-matsumae.geojson","featureId":"matsumae","sourceIds":["EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862","notes":"The original published village polygons are dissolved, retaining every component and hole. Village boundaries use MAFF2015 as proxies for historical holdings.","sourceRecords":["Matsumae_蝦夷松前藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"hokkaido-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"hokkaido-reference","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Hokkaidō","adm1":"JPN-1847"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"okinawa-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"okinawa-reference","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Okinawa","adm1":"JPN-3502"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ryukyu-islands":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ryukyu-islands","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Pre1879 geographic reference","notes":"The source island components for Okinawa, Miyako, Yaeyama, Iheya and Iotorishima are included whole. The source labels Amami as part of Okinawa in error; those Satsuma-held islands are excluded, as are the Daito and Senkaku/Diaoyu islets. The extraction introduces no edges across the sea.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Okinawa","adm1":"JPN-3502"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[127.72,26.2,"Okinawa"],[123.8,24.33,"Iriomote"]],"outsideAnchors":[[129.49,28.38,"Naze, Amami belongs to Satsuma"],[128.42,27.04,"Yoron, Amami excluded"]]}},"ne-RUS":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-RUS","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["RUS"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[[33.53,44.59,"Sevastopol excluded from Russia"],[63.32,45.62,"Baikonur lease excluded from sovereignty"]]}},"sakhalin-island":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"sakhalin-island","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Source coastline reference","notes":"The whole source island parts of Sakhalin are selected by their bounds; the mainland Cape Lazarev fragment is left out. No clipping-box edge is introduced.","sourceRecords":["RUS"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[142.73,46.96,"Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk"]],"outsideAnchors":[[141.53,52.18,"Cape Lazarev mainland excluded"]]}},"ww-karafuto-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ww-karafuto-reference","sourceIds":["ww-cliopatria-v0.2.1"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1936–1937","notes":"This is the southern Sakhalin component of the published Japanese polity, bounded by the historical division at the 50th parallel.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12777,"key":"CLIO-v0.2.1-12777","name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1936,"toYear":1937,"geometrySha256":"3df98949c64c8ba86494f78660d07bd5aa0701154eef2abdc4827f30d9cc8a7e"}],"review":{"valid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ww-kuriles-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ww-kuriles-reference","sourceIds":["ww-cliopatria-v0.2.1"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1936–1937","notes":"These are the Kuril archipelago components of the source Japanese polity. The geographic selection leaves out Hokkaido and Sakhalin.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12777,"key":"CLIO-v0.2.1-12777","name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1936,"toYear":1937,"geometrySha256":"3df98949c64c8ba86494f78660d07bd5aa0701154eef2abdc4827f30d9cc8a7e"}],"review":{"valid":true,"anchors":[]}},"southern-kurils":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"southern-kurils","sourceIds":["NE_DISPUTED","JAPAN_RUSSIA"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"1855 treaty extent; Natural Earth 5.1.2 coastline","notes":"All seven source island components are retained: Kunashir, Iturup, Shikotan and Habomai islets. The published treaty identifies the islands, and the complete source coastline is retained.","sourceRecords":["B29"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[145.86,44.06,"Kunashir"],[146.8,43.8,"Shikotan"],[146.15,43.5,"Habomai island"]],"outsideAnchors":[[149.8,45.9,"Urup excluded"]]}},"northern-kurils":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"northern-kurils","sourceIds":["NE","JAPAN_RUSSIA"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"1875 treaty extent; Natural Earth 5.1.2 coastline","notes":"The source island components from Urup to Shumshu are included whole. Mainland Kamchatka and the four southern island groups are excluded, and no extraction-box edges are introduced.","sourceRecords":[{"source":"NE RUS island parts","components":14}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[149.92,45.96,"Urup"],[156.3,50.75,"Shumshu"]],"outsideAnchors":[[145.86,44.06,"Kunashir excluded"],[158.6,53,"Kamchatka excluded"]]}},"clio-11600":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11600","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1857–1858","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11600,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1857,"toYear":1858}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11658":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11658","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1859","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11658,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1859}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11670":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11670","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1860–1860","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11670,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1860}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"amur-source-river":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"amur-source-river","sourceIds":["NE_RIVER"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Natural Earth5.1.2river course","notes":"Six published river parts are joined at shared or nearly coincident ends. Two terminal extensions lie outside the treaty-region mask.","sourceRecords":[1062,1063,1305],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"amur-cession":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"amur-cession","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_RIVER"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1858 Treaty of Aigun","notes":"The full 1857-to-1860 Outer Manchuria source difference is divided by the published Amur river. Cliopatria places both treaty changes in 1860, so the river is used to reconstruct the 1858 north-bank stage.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11600,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1857,"toYear":1858},{"record":11670,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1860},1062,1063,1305],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[127.26,53.75,"Zeya north of Amur"]],"outsideAnchors":[[131.89,43.12,"Vladivostok excluded from 1858 stage"]]}},"ussuri-cession":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ussuri-cession","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_RIVER"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1860 Treaty of Peking","notes":"This connected source-derived Ussuri/Pacific-coast region contains Vladivostok. Tiny western slivers arising from differences in river alignment are excluded; the actual source river distinguishes the 1860 stage.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11600,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1857,"toYear":1858},{"record":11670,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1860},1062,1063,1305,{"record":11600,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1857,"toYear":1858},{"record":11670,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1860},1062,1063,1305],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[131.89,43.12,"Vladivostok"]],"outsideAnchors":[[127.26,53.75,"Zeya excluded from 1860 stage"],[126.8,45.75,"Harbin excluded"]]}},"clio-12179":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12179","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1899","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12179,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"kwantung-lease":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"kwantung-lease","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1898 Russian lease / 1905 Japanese transfer","notes":"The complete Russian Empire 1898 lease component at Liaodong is included. It excludes the larger Manchurian occupation of 1900–1904 and was transferred to Japan in 1905.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12179,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[121.25,38.8,"Port Arthur"]],"outsideAnchors":[[122,39.8,"Wafangdian: outside actual lease"],[123.43,41.8,"Mukden: occupation excluded"]]}},"clio-12171":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12171","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1899","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12171,"name":"German Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"jiaozhou-lease":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"jiaozhou-lease","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1898 lease","notes":"The complete local component of the dated 1898 German/British imperial source is selected by its named port. Neither a bounding-box edge nor an unrelated coastal alignment sliver is included.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12171,"name":"German Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[120.38,36.07,"Qingdao"]],"outsideAnchors":[[121,37,"Distant Shandong"]]}},"clio-12160":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12160","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1899","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12160,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"weihaiwei-lease":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"weihaiwei-lease","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1898 lease","notes":"The complete local component of the dated 1898 German/British imperial source is selected by its named port. Neither a bounding-box edge nor an unrelated coastal alignment sliver is included.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12160,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[122.12,37.51,"Weihai"]],"outsideAnchors":[[121.5,37.4,"Yantai outskirts outside lease"]]}},"chechnya-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"chechnya-reference","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"RUS","name":"Chechnya","adm1":"RUS-2416"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"tatarstan-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"tatarstan-reference","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"RUS","name":"Tatarstan","adm1":"RUS-2394"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"sakha-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"sakha-reference","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"RUS","name":"Sakha (Yakutia)","adm1":"RUS-2612"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"abkhazia-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"abkhazia-reference","sourceIds":["NE_DISPUTED"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth5.1.2 administrative region reference","notes":"This geography represents the named breakaway region at a later date. It is a reference for the full region, so pre-2008 control enclaves are not presented as exact 1990s control.","sourceRecords":["B35"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"sossetia-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"sossetia-reference","sourceIds":["NE_DISPUTED"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth5.1.2 administrative region reference","notes":"This geography represents the named breakaway region at a later date. It is a reference for the full region, so pre-2008 control enclaves are not presented as exact 1990s control.","sourceRecords":["B37"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"transnistria-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"transnistria-reference","sourceIds":["NE_DISPUTED"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth5.1.2 administrative region reference","notes":"This geography represents the named breakaway region at a later date. It is a reference for the full region, so pre-2008 control enclaves are not presented as exact 1990s control.","sourceRecords":["B36"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"bender-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"bender-reference","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"MDA","name":"Bender","adm1":"MDA-1650"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"transnistria-with-bender":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"transnistria-with-bender","sourceIds":["NE_DISPUTED","NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth geographic reference","notes":"The full named Transnistria region is combined with the actual source Bender municipality. This source proxy locates the region geographically; it does not represent uniform control over every village.","sourceRecords":["B36",{"adm0":"MDA","name":"Bender","adm1":"MDA-1650"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[29.48,46.83,"Bender"]],"outsideAnchors":[[28.84,47.01,"Chisinau excluded"]]}},"karabakh-pre2020":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"karabakh-pre2020","sourceIds":["NE_DISPUTED_2018"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth4.1.0 pre2020 control reference","notes":"This is the closest downloadable extent from the earlier ceasefire era. Minor 2016 frontline changes remain unresolved, and the source’s 2018 date is stated rather than presented as a 1994 survey.","sourceRecords":["B38"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[46.55,39.64,"Lachin inside wider ceasefire era reference"],[46.75,39.82,"Stepanakert"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"former-nkao":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/former-nkao-GPL.geojson","featureId":"former-nkao","sourceIds":["NKAO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Former1923–1991NKAO perimeter, retrospectively mapped","notes":"The union includes source areas explicitly labelled former NKAO, regardless of post-2020 control. Adjacent occupied districts and the corridor are excluded.","sourceRecords":[6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[46.75,39.82,"Stepanakert"],[46.75,39.76,"Shusha"],[46.9,39.52,"Hadrut"]],"outsideAnchors":[[46.96,39.99,"Agdam excluded"],[46.55,39.64,"Lachin excluded"]]}},"tenryo-kanto":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"tenryo-kanto","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Tokyo","adm1":"JPN-1860"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Kanagawa","adm1":"JPN-1857"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Saitama","adm1":"JPN-1858"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"tenryo-yamashiro":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"tenryo-yamashiro","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Kyōto","adm1":"JPN-1850"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"tenryo-kinai":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"tenryo-kinai","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Ōsaka","adm1":"JPN-1852"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Nara","adm1":"JPN-1851"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"tenryo-kai":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"tenryo-kai","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Yamanashi","adm1":"JPN-1861"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-JPN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-JPN","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["JPN"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"sado-island":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"sado-island","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Source coast reference","notes":"The complete named Sado island coastline is retained; other land beyond the extraction frame is excluded.","sourceRecords":["JPN"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"north-1868-theater":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"north-1868-theater","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Niigata","adm1":"JPN-1867"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Yamagata","adm1":"JPN-1868"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Akita","adm1":"JPN-1862"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Aomori","adm1":"JPN-1863"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Iwate","adm1":"JPN-1865"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Miyagi","adm1":"JPN-1866"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Fukushima","adm1":"JPN-1864"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"satsuma-1877-theater":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"satsuma-1877-theater","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth administrative vintage","notes":"The complete source administrative region serves as an explicit geographic reference for the same place. The binding documents its historical interpretation.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Kagoshima","adm1":"JPN-3501"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Kumamoto","adm1":"JPN-1830"},{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Miyazaki","adm1":"JPN-1831"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"f-rail-tokaido":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"f-rail-tokaido","sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Chapter route completion/event date","notes":"The diagram retains the named cities and stations along the route. Its bends are schematic connections, not a precise survey of historic track or road.","sourceRecords":[{"namedRoute":"f-rail-tokaido"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"chapterIds":[]}},"f-rail-tohoku":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"f-rail-tohoku","sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Chapter route completion/event date","notes":"The diagram retains the named cities and stations along the route. Its bends are schematic connections, not a precise survey of historic track or road.","sourceRecords":[{"namedRoute":"f-rail-tohoku"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"chapterIds":[]}},"f-rail-sanyo":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"f-rail-sanyo","sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Chapter route completion/event date","notes":"The diagram retains the named cities and stations along the route. Its bends are schematic connections, not a precise survey of historic track or road.","sourceRecords":[{"namedRoute":"f-rail-sanyo"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"chapterIds":[]}},"f-rail-korea":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"f-rail-korea","sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Chapter route completion/event date","notes":"The diagram retains the named cities and stations along the route. Its bends are schematic connections, not a precise survey of historic track or road.","sourceRecords":[{"namedRoute":"f-rail-korea"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"chapterIds":[]}},"f-rail-smr":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"f-rail-smr","sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Chapter route completion/event date","notes":"The diagram retains the named cities and stations along the route. Its bends are schematic connections, not a precise survey of historic track or road.","sourceRecords":[{"namedRoute":"f-rail-smr"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"chapterIds":[]}},"f-rail-cer":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"f-rail-cer","sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Chapter route completion/event date","notes":"The diagram retains the named cities and stations along the route. Its bends are schematic connections, not a precise survey of historic track or road.","sourceRecords":[{"namedRoute":"f-rail-cer"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"chapterIds":[]}},"f-bam":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"f-bam","sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Chapter route completion/event date","notes":"The diagram retains the named cities and stations along the route. Its bends are schematic connections, not a precise survey of historic track or road.","sourceRecords":[{"namedRoute":"f-bam"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"chapterIds":[]}},"f-balticway":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"f-balticway","sourceIds":["BALTIC"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Chapter route completion/event date","notes":"The diagram retains the named cities and stations along the route. Its bends are schematic connections, not a precise survey of historic track or road.","sourceRecords":[{"namedRoute":"f-balticway"}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[],"chapterIds":[]}},"clio-8854":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-8854","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1640–1859","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":8854,"name":"Joseon","fromYear":1640,"toYear":1859}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-10244":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-10244","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1783–1852","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":10244,"name":"Chiangmai","fromYear":1783,"toYear":1852}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11087":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11087","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1822–1855","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11087,"name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","fromYear":1822,"toYear":1855}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11128":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11128","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1824–1845","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11128,"name":"Portuguese Colonies","fromYear":1824,"toYear":1845}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11140":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11140","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1824–1852","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11140,"name":"Spanish Empire","fromYear":1824,"toYear":1852}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11171":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11171","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1828–1855","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11171,"name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","fromYear":1828,"toYear":1855}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11199":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11199","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1828–1841","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11199,"name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","fromYear":1828,"toYear":1841}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11237":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11237","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1834–1858","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11237,"name":"Nguyễn dynasty","fromYear":1834,"toYear":1858}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11244":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11244","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1834–1841","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11244,"name":"Burma","fromYear":1834,"toYear":1841}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11320":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11320","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1840–1845","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11320,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1840,"toYear":1845}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11347":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11347","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1840–1841","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11347,"name":"British Empire","fromYear":1840,"toYear":1841}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11354":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11354","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1840–1841","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11354,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1840,"toYear":1841}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11365":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11365","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1840–1841","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11365,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1840,"toYear":1841}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11354-j1840":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11354-j1840","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1840","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11354,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1840,"toYear":1841}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ezo-outside-matsumae":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ezo-outside-matsumae","sourceIds":["NE_ADM1","EDO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"c.1862 reference","notes":"Hokkaido is used as a geographic reference outside the published 1862 Matsumae holdings. The 1855 direct-control changes are not backdated as cadastral certainty.","sourceRecords":[{"adm0":"JPN","name":"Hokkaidō","adm1":"JPN-1847"},"Matsumae_蝦夷松前藩.gpkg"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11375":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11375","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1842–1845","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11375,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1842,"toYear":1845}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11377":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11377","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1842–1852","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11377,"name":"Burma","fromYear":1842,"toYear":1852}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11385":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11385","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1842–1847","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11385,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1842,"toYear":1847}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11386":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11386","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1842–1852","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11386,"name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","fromYear":1842,"toYear":1852}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11405":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11405","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1842–1845","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11405,"name":"British Empire","fromYear":1842,"toYear":1845}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11375-j1842":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11375-j1842","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1842","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11375,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1842,"toYear":1845}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"z-p-canton-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-canton-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-amoy-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-amoy-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-fuzhou-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-ningbo-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-shanghai-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"clio-11409":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11409","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1846–1858","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11409,"name":"Portuguese Colonies","fromYear":1846,"toYear":1858}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11511":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11511","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1855","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11511,"name":"British Empire","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1855}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11524":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11524","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1855","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11524,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1855}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11527":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11527","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1855","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11527,"name":"Taiping Heavenly Kingdom","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1855}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11528":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11528","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1855","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11528,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1855}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11530":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11530","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1884","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11530,"name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1884}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11537":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11537","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1855","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11537,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1855}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11539":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11539","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1858","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11539,"name":"Burma","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1858}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11543":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11543","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1858","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11543,"name":"Spanish Empire","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1858}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11551":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11551","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1853–1879","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11551,"name":"Chiangmai","fromYear":1853,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"z-p-shimoda-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-shimoda-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-hakodate-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"clio-11581":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11581","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1856–1872","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11581,"name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","fromYear":1856,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11593":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11593","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1856–1863","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11593,"name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","fromYear":1856,"toYear":1863}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11599":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11527","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1857–1859","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11599,"name":"Taiping Heavenly Kingdom","fromYear":1857,"toYear":1859}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11621":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11621","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1859","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11621,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1859}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"russia-after-aigun":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"russia-after-aigun","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_RIVER"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1859","notes":"The 1858 Amur cession is added to the annual source, which delays the transfer until 1860.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11621,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1859},{"record":11600,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1857,"toYear":1858},{"record":11670,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1860},1062,1063,1305],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11626":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11626","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1894","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11626,"name":"Portuguese Colonies","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1894}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11629":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11629","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1867","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11629,"name":"Panthay Rebellion","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1867}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11634":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11634","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1859","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11634,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1859}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11648":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11648","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1860","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11648,"name":"Spanish Empire","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1860}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11650":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11650","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1884","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11650,"name":"Burma","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1884}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11651":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11651","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1859","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11651,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1859}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11654":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11654","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1859–1867","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11654,"name":"Nguyễn dynasty","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1867}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"qing-after-aigun":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"qing-after-aigun","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_RIVER"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1859","notes":"The 1858 Amur cession is removed from the annual source, which delays the transfer until 1860.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11658,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1859},{"record":11600,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1857,"toYear":1858},{"record":11670,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1860},1062,1063,1305],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"russia-after-aigun-j1859":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"russia-after-aigun-j1859","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_RIVER"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1859","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11621,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1859},{"record":11600,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1857,"toYear":1858},{"record":11670,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1860},1062,1063,1305],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"z-p-yokohama-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-nagasaki-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"clio-11661":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11661","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1860–1894","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11661,"name":"Joseon","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1894}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11664":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11664","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1860–1867","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11664,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1867}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11671":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11671","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1860–1867","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11671,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1867}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11690":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11690","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1861–1872","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11690,"name":"Spanish Empire","fromYear":1861,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11727":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11727","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1864–1864","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11727,"name":"Taiping Heavenly Kingdom","fromYear":1864,"toYear":1864}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11728":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11728","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1864–1864","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11728,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1864,"toYear":1864}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11736":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11736","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1864–1865","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11736,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1864,"toYear":1865}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11742":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11742","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1864–1864","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11742,"name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","fromYear":1864,"toYear":1864}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11753":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11753","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1864–1867","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11753,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1864,"toYear":1867}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11654-j1864":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11654-j1864","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1864","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11654,"name":"Nguyễn dynasty","fromYear":1859,"toYear":1867}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11664-j1864":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11664-j1864","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1864","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11664,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1860,"toYear":1867}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11728-j1864":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11728-j1864","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1864","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11728,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1864,"toYear":1864}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11753-j1864":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11753-j1864","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1864","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11753,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1864,"toYear":1867}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"z-p-tianjin-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-chefoo-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-tamsui-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-tamsui-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"clio-11812":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11812","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1869","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11812,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11819":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11819","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1869","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11819,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11820":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11820","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1869","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11820,"name":"Nguyễn dynasty","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11822":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11822","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1872","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11822,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11824":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11824","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1869","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11824,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11828":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11828","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1869","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11828,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11831":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11831","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1869","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11831,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11836":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11836","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1879","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11836,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11839":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11839","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1869","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11839,"name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11840":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11840","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1868–1870","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11840,"name":"Panthay Rebellion","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1870}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11839-j1868":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11839-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1868","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11839,"name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11836-j1868":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11836-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1868","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11836,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11822-j1868":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11822-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1868","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11822,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11824-j1868":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11824-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1868","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11824,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11831-j1868":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11831-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1868","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11831,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"z-tenryo-nagasaki-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-tenryo-nagasaki-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-tenryo-hakodate-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-tenryo-hakodate-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-kobe-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-kobe-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"clio-11836-j1869":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11836-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1869","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11836,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11822-j1869":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11822-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1869","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11822,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11824-j1869":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11824-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1869","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11824,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11831-j1869":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11831-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1869","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11831,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1869}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"z-p-niigata-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-niigata-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"clio-11853":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11853","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1870–1879","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11853,"name":"Nguyễn dynasty","fromYear":1870,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11882":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11882","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1870–1876","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11882,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1870,"toYear":1876}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11889":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11889","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1871–1872","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11889,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1871,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11898":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11898","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1871–1884","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11898,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1871,"toYear":1884}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11902":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11902","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1871–1872","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11902,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1871,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11903":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11903","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1871–1872","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11903,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1871,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11908":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11840","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1871–1872","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11908,"name":"Panthay Rebellion","fromYear":1871,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11836-j1871":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11836-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1871","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11836,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11822-j1871":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11822-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1871","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11822,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11902-j1871":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11902-j1871","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1871","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11902,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1871,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11903-j1871":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11903-j1871","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1871","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11903,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1871,"toYear":1872}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11912":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11171","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1873–1884","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11912,"name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","fromYear":1873,"toYear":1884}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11941":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11941","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1877–1879","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11941,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11946":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11946","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1877–1879","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11946,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11947":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11947","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1877–1884","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11947,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1884}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11952":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11952","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1877–1879","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11952,"name":"Kingdom of Spain","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11955":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11955","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1877–1879","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11955,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11959":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11959","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1877–1879","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11959,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11836-j1877":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11836-j1868","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1877","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11836,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1868,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11946-j1877":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11946-j1877","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1877","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11946,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11947-j1877":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11947-j1877","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1877","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11947,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1884}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-11955-j1877":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11955-j1877","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1877","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11955,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1877,"toYear":1879}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"z-p-busan-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-busan-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"clio-11980":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11980","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1880–1894","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":11980,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1880,"toYear":1894}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12005":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12005","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1885–1889","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12005,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12013":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12013","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1885–1889","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12013,"name":"Kingdom of Spain","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12014":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12014","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1885–1894","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12014,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1894}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12018":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12018","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1885–1889","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12018,"name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12031":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12031","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1885–1889","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12031,"name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12034":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12034","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1885–1889","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12034,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12035":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12035","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1885–1889","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12035,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12051":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12051","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1885–1889","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12051,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12005-j1889":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12005-j1889","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1889","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12005,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12035-j1889":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12035-j1889","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1889","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12035,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1889}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12014-j1889":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12014-j1889","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1889","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12014,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1885,"toYear":1894}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"z-p-wonsan-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-wonsan-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"z-p-incheon-symbol":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"z-p-incheon-symbol","sourceIds":["TREATIES","CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing treaty/event date","notes":"The cartographic point symbol surrounds the named port. Its size makes the port visible; it never denotes the extent of a foreign concession or shogunal holding.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"role":"cartographic-device","anchors":[]}},"clio-12102":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12102","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1904","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12102,"name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1904}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12107":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12107","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1897","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12107,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12109":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12109","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1897","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12109,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12119":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12119","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1897","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12119,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12129":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12129","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1910","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12129,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12132":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11661","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1897","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12132,"name":"Joseon","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12137":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12137","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1897","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12137,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12138":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12138","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1897","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12138,"name":"Portuguese Colonies","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12142":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12142","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1897","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12142,"name":"Kingdom of Spain","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12145":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12145","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1895–1897","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12145,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12129-j1895":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12129-j1895","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1895","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12129,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12109-j1895":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12109-j1895","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1895","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12109,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12119-j1895":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12119-j1895","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1895","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12119,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12145-j1895":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12145-j1895","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1895","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12145,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1897}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12150":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12150","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1899","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12150,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12155":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12155","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1899","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12155,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12170":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11661","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1899","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12170,"name":"Korean Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12175":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12175","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1899","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12175,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12176":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11626","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1907","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12176,"name":"Portuguese Colonies","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12177":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12177","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1898–1899","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12177,"name":"Kingdom of Spain","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12155-j1898":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12155-j1898","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1898","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12155,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12129-j1898":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12129-j1895","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1898","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12129,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12150-j1898":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12150-j1898","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1898","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12150,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12160-j1898":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12160-j1898","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1898","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12160,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12179-j1898":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12179-j1898","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1898","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12179,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1898,"toYear":1899}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12193":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12193","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1900–1918","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12193,"name":"Kingdom of Belgium","fromYear":1900,"toYear":1918}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12218":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12218","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1907","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12218,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12221":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12221","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1910","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12221,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12222":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12222","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1907","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12222,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12224":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12224","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1907","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12224,"name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12230":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12230","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1910","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12230,"name":"Austria-Hungary","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12232":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12232","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1907","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12232,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12241":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11661","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1907","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12241,"name":"Korean Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12242":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12242","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1911","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12242,"name":"Kingdom of Italy","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1911}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12249":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12249","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1914","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12249,"name":"German Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1914}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12252":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12252","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1911","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12252,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1911}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12260":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12260","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1905–1910","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12260,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12260-j1905":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12260-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1905","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12260,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12222-j1905":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12222-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1905","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12222,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12249-j1905":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12249-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1905","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12249,"name":"German Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1914}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12129-j1905":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12129-j1895","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1905","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12129,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12232-j1905":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12232-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1905","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12232,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12218-j1905":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12218-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1905","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12218,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1907}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12221-j1905":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12221-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1905","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12221,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12252-j1905":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12252-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1905","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12252,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1911}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12306":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12306","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1911–1914","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12306,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1911,"toYear":1914}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12261":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12261","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1908–1910","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12261,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1908,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12265":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12265","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1908–1916","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12265,"name":"French Indochina","fromYear":1908,"toYear":1916}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12267":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12267","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1908–1910","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12267,"name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","fromYear":1908,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12272":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12272","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1908–1910","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12272,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1908,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12279":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-11626","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1908–1910","notes":"A dated published political record with its complete source topology preserved.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12279,"name":"Portuguese Colonies","fromYear":1908,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12306-j1910":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12306-j1910","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1910","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12306,"name":"Empire of Japan","fromYear":1911,"toYear":1914}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12249-j1910":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12249-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1910","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12249,"name":"German Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1914}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12129-j1910":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12129-j1895","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1910","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12129,"name":"British Raj","fromYear":1895,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12272-j1910":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12272-j1910","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1910","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12272,"name":"British Colonial Empire","fromYear":1908,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12261-j1910":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12261-j1910","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1910","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12261,"name":"United States of America","fromYear":1908,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12221-j1910":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12221-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1910","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12221,"name":"Qing Dynasty","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1910}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"clio-12252-j1910":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"clio-12252-j1905","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1910","notes":"Display overlap is masked below smaller published polities; the parent source is retained.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12252,"name":"Russian Empire","fromYear":1905,"toYear":1911}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"cw-ne-AFG":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-AFG","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-ALB":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-ALB","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-AND":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-AND","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-ARE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-ARE","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-AUT":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-AUT","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-BEL":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-BEL","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-BGR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-BGR","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-BHR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-BHR","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-BTN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-BTN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-CHE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-CHE","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-CHN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-CHN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-CYP":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-CYP","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-frg-1958-without-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-frg-1958-without-berlin","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO","cw-NE_ADMIN1","cw-BERLIN_WALL"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1958–1989","notes":"The dated source state has the separately identified four-power Berlin reference removed. This does not assign West Berlin to the GDR.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[[13.28,52.5,"West Berlin"]]}},"cw-ne-DNK":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-DNK","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-DZA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-DZA","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-EGY":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-EGY","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":{"method":"make_valid","areaDeltaDegrees2":1.8474111129762605e-13},"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-ESP":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-ESP","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-FIN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-FIN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-FRA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-FRA","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-GBR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-GBR","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-GRC":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-GRC","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-HUN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-HUN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-india-1962":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-india-1962","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1961–1962","notes":"1961–1962 India reference.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13230,"Name":"Republic of India","FromYear":1961,"ToYear":1962,"Area":3173317.8974563703,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"India","Wikidata":"Q668","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-IRL":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-IRL","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-IRN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-IRN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-IRQ":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-IRQ","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-israel-1949":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-israel-1949","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1949–1952","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control including occupation, not internationally recognised sovereignty. Reuse of the nearest date is documented in the snapshot details.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13090,"Name":"State of Israel","FromYear":1949,"ToYear":1952,"Area":21902.16983365184,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Israel","Wikidata":"Q801","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-ITA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-ITA","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-jordan-1949":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-jordan-1949","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1949–1952","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control including occupation, not internationally recognised sovereignty. Reuse of the nearest date is documented in the snapshot details.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13084,"Name":"Kingdom of Jordan","FromYear":1949,"ToYear":1952,"Area":103473.44894876497,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Jordan","Wikidata":"Q810","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-JPN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-JPN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-south-korea":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-south-korea","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1953–2023","notes":"1953 armistice-era South Korean source extent.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13149,"Name":"Republic of Korea","FromYear":1953,"ToYear":2023,"Area":104816.6848194971,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"South Korea","Wikidata":"Q423","SeshatID":"ko_korean_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[126.98,37.57,"Seoul"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-KWT":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-KWT","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-LAO":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-LAO","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-LBN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-LBN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-LBY":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-LBY","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-LUX":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-LUX","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-morocco-1958":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-morocco-1958","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1958–1968","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control including occupation, not internationally recognised sovereignty. Reuse of the nearest date is documented in the snapshot details.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13194,"Name":"Morocco","FromYear":1958,"ToYear":1968,"Area":405760.25938392186,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Morocco","Wikidata":"Q1028","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-MLI":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-MLI","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-MLT":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-MLT","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-MMR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-MMR","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-MNG":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-MNG","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-NER":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-NER","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-NLD":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-NLD","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-NOR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-NOR","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-NPL":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-NPL","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-OMN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-OMN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-POL":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-POL","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-north-korea":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-north-korea","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1953–2023","notes":"1953 armistice-era North Korean source extent. The line represents military demarcation, not a peace-treaty settlement.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13144,"Name":"Democratic People's Republic of Korea","FromYear":1953,"ToYear":2023,"Area":126814.62460705404,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"North Korea","Wikidata":"Q423","SeshatID":"ko_korean_democratic_peoples_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[125.75,39.03,"Pyongyang"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-PRT":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-PRT","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-PSE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-PSE","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-QAT":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-QAT","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-ROU":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-ROU","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-SAU":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-SAU","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-SWE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-SWE","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-SYR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-SYR","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-TCD":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-TCD","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-THA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-THA","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-TUN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-TUN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-TUR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-TUR","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-TWN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-TWN","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-south-vietnam":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-south-vietnam","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1956–1966","notes":"The 1956–1966 South Vietnam reference is carried through 1968 to represent the Geneva regroupment area.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13153,"Name":"Republic of Vietnam","FromYear":1956,"ToYear":1966,"Area":180020.24255748818,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"South Vietnam","Wikidata":"Q172640","SeshatID":"vt_vietnam_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[106.66,10.78,"Saigon"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-north-yemen":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-north-yemen","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1936–1986","notes":"This published dated territory is reused for earlier or later dates as identified in each state note.","sourceRecords":[{"record":12778,"Name":"North Yemen","FromYear":1936,"ToYear":1986,"Area":151087.1101997692,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"North Yemen","Wikidata":"Q1998401","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-czechoslovakia":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-czechoslovakia","sourceIds":["cw-NE","cw-DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1991","notes":"Successor-unit union; no 1993 internal sovereign border.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[14.42,50.08,"Prague"],[17.11,48.15,"Bratislava"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-yugoslavia":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-yugoslavia","sourceIds":["cw-NE","cw-DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Postwar Yugoslav reference","notes":"This successor-unit union is a near-date proxy for the exterior. The Trieste adjustment is represented separately in the dated source notes.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[20.46,44.82,"Belgrade"],[15.98,45.81,"Zagreb"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-gdr-1953-without-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-gdr-1953-without-berlin","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO","cw-NE_ADMIN1","cw-BERLIN_WALL"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1953–1972","notes":"The dated source state has the separately identified four-power Berlin reference removed. This does not assign West Berlin to the GDR.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[12.37,51.34,"Leipzig"]],"outsideAnchors":[[13.405,52.52,"Berlin special status excluded"]]}},"cw-berlin-four-power":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-berlin-four-power","sourceIds":["cw-NE_ADMIN1","cw-CLIO","cw-AIRLIFT","cw-BERLIN_WALL","cw-BERLIN_STATUS"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"1945–1990, later municipal exterior reference","notes":"Berlin is shown separately because of its four-power status. Its later municipal exterior is joined to the source enclave hole, preventing a false unassigned gap. This regional reference does not resolve sector boundaries, the Staaken exchange or small local boundary changes.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13125,"Name":"German Democratic Republic","FromYear":1953,"ToYear":1972,"Area":112473.32359966749,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"East Germany","Wikidata":"Q16957","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[13.28,52.5,"West Berlin"],[13.43,52.52,"East Berlin"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-sudan":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-sudan","sourceIds":["cw-NE","cw-DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1991","notes":"Sudan before the 2011 partition; no South Sudan sovereign border.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-pakistan-east-west":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-pakistan-east-west","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1948–1962","notes":"This dated Pakistan reference includes East Pakistan and the source allocation of Kashmir; it does not claim consensus on sovereignty.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13055,"Name":"Islamic Republic of Pakistan","FromYear":1948,"ToYear":1962,"Area":1021668.643727407,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Pakistan","Wikidata":"Q843","SeshatID":"pk_pakistan_islamic_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[67,24.9,"Karachi"],[90.4,23.8,"Dhaka"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-north-vietnam":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-north-vietnam","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1956–1966","notes":"The 1956–1966 North Vietnam reference is carried through 1968 to represent the Geneva regroupment area, not subsequent infiltration or occupation.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13164,"Name":"Democratic Republic of Vietnam","FromYear":1956,"ToYear":1966,"Area":157593.13018830976,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"North Vietnam","Wikidata":"Q172640","SeshatID":"vt_vietnam_democratic_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[[105.85,21.03,"Hanoi"]],"outsideAnchors":[[106.66,10.78,"Saigon"]]}},"cw-south-yemen":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-south-yemen","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1969–1986","notes":"This published dated territory is reused for earlier or later dates as identified in each state note.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13306,"Name":"People's Democratic Republic of Yemen","FromYear":1969,"ToYear":1986,"Area":313159.99199465266,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"South Yemen","Wikidata":"Q199841","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"ne-UKR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-UKR","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["UKR"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[33.53,44.59,"Sevastopol in Ukraine in 1964–2000"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"ne-BLR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-BLR","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["BLR"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-MDA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-MDA","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["MDA"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-EST":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-EST","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["EST"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-LVA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-LVA","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["LVA"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-LTU":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-LTU","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["LTU"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-GEO":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-GEO","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["GEO"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-ARM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-ARM","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["ARM"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-AZE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-AZE","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["AZE"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-KAZ":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-KAZ","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["KAZ"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[[63.32,45.62,"Baikonur in Kazakhstan"]],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"ne-UZB":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-UZB","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["UZB"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-TKM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-TKM","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["TKM"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-KGZ":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-KGZ","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["KGZ"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-TJK":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-TJK","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["TJK"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"cw-ne-BGD":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-BGD","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-india-1979":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-india-1979","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1979–1982","notes":"1979–1982 reference.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13404,"Name":"Republic of India","FromYear":1979,"ToYear":1982,"Area":3180301.23627462,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"India","Wikidata":"Q668","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-israel-1976":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-israel-1976","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1976–1982","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control including occupation, not internationally recognised sovereignty. Reuse of the nearest date is documented in the snapshot details.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13396,"Name":"State of Israel","FromYear":1976,"ToYear":1982,"Area":89645.70618996862,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Israel","Wikidata":"Q801","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-JOR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-JOR","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-morocco-1969":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-morocco-1969","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1969–1975","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control including occupation, not internationally recognised sovereignty. Reuse of the nearest date is documented in the snapshot details.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13302,"Name":"Morocco","FromYear":1969,"ToYear":1975,"Area":406727.25139935804,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Morocco","Wikidata":"Q1028","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-PAK":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-PAK","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-ne-VNM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-VNM","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-gdr-1976-without-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-gdr-1953-without-berlin","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO","cw-NE_ADMIN1","cw-BERLIN_WALL"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1976–1989","notes":"The dated source state has the separately identified four-power Berlin reference removed. This does not assign West Berlin to the GDR.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[[13.28,52.5,"West Berlin"]]}},"cw-india-1989":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-india-1989","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1987–2023","notes":"1987 onward reference.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13446,"Name":"Republic of India","FromYear":1987,"ToYear":2023,"Area":3182468.826245511,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"India","Wikidata":"Q668","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"cw-israel-1987":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-israel-1987","sourceIds":["cw-CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1987–2005","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control including occupation, not internationally recognised sovereignty. Reuse of the nearest date is documented in the snapshot details.","sourceRecords":[{"record":13453,"Name":"State of Israel","FromYear":1987,"ToYear":2005,"Area":28391.244163349995,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Israel","Wikidata":"Q801","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"ne-DEU":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-DEU","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["DEU"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"cw-ne-YEM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-YEM","sourceIds":["cw-NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 contemporary reference","notes":"This published geographic reference supports a thematic map of political alignment. Changed historical units have separate dated bindings; the reference does not establish every small historic boundary adjustment.","sourceRecords":[],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"sourceRepair":null,"anchors":[],"outsideAnchors":[]}},"ne-HRV":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-HRV","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["HRV"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-SVN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-SVN","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["SVN"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-MKD":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-MKD","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["MKD"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-SRB":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-SRB","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["SRB"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-MNE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-MNE","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["MNE"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-KOS":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-KOS","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["KOS"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-BIH":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-BIH","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["BIH"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"remaining-yugoslavia-1991":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"remaining-yugoslavia-1991","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1991–2000","notes":"The constitutional successor units of the remaining federation are dissolved together. Croatia, Slovenia and Macedonia are separate in late 1991; Bosnia is separate in 1992.","sourceRecords":["SRB","MNE","KOS","BIH"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-CZE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-CZE","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["CZE"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-SVK":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"ne-SVK","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["SVK"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"remaining-yugoslavia-1993":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"remaining-yugoslavia-1993","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1991–2000","notes":"The constitutional successor units of the remaining federation are dissolved together. Croatia, Slovenia and Macedonia are separate in late 1991; Bosnia is separate in 1992.","sourceRecords":["SRB","MNE","KOS"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"remaining-yugoslavia-1994":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"remaining-yugoslavia-1993","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1991–2000","notes":"The constitutional successor units of the remaining federation are dissolved together. Croatia, Slovenia and Macedonia are separate in late 1991; Bosnia is separate in 1992.","sourceRecords":["SRB","MNE","KOS"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"remaining-yugoslavia-1996":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"remaining-yugoslavia-1993","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1991–2000","notes":"The constitutional successor units of the remaining federation are dissolved together. Croatia, Slovenia and Macedonia are separate in late 1991; Bosnia is separate in 1992.","sourceRecords":["SRB","MNE","KOS"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"remaining-yugoslavia-2000":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"remaining-yugoslavia-1993","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1991–2000","notes":"The constitutional successor units of the remaining federation are dissolved together. Croatia, Slovenia and Macedonia are separate in late 1991; Bosnia is separate in 1992.","sourceRecords":["SRB","MNE","KOS"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}},"ne-TWN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/transitions-geography-01.geojson","featureId":"cw-ne-TWN","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2","notes":"This is a geographic reference within the same country: Crimea/Sevastopol remains in Ukraine throughout 1964–2000, and the Baikonur lease is not treated as Russian sovereignty.","sourceRecords":["TWN"],"review":{"geometryValid":true,"anchors":[]}}},"snapshots":{"j1840":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11320","geometry":"clio-11320","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11320"]},{"id":"polity-11365","geometry":"clio-11365","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11347","geometry":"clio-11347","name":"British Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11347"]},{"id":"polity-11354","geometry":"clio-11354-j1840","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11354"]},{"id":"polity-11199","geometry":"clio-11199","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11199"]},{"id":"polity-11244","geometry":"clio-11244","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11244"]},{"id":"polity-11140","geometry":"clio-11140","name":"Spanish Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11140"]},{"id":"polity-11087","geometry":"clio-11087","name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","status":"shogun","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11237","geometry":"clio-11237","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11237"]},{"id":"polity-8854","geometry":"clio-8854","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11171","geometry":"clio-11171","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11171"]},{"id":"polity-10244","geometry":"clio-10244","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-10244"]},{"id":"polity-11128","geometry":"clio-11128","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11128"]}],"zones":{"z-satsuma":{"geometry":"satsuma","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-higo":{"geometry":"higo","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-hizen":{"geometry":"hizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-chikuzen":{"geometry":"chikuzen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-choshu":{"geometry":"choshu","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-aki":{"geometry":"aki","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-bizen":{"geometry":"bizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-inaba":{"geometry":"inaba","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-awa":{"geometry":"awa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tosa":{"geometry":"tosa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kaga":{"geometry":"kaga","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sendai":{"geometry":"sendai","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-morioka":{"geometry":"morioka","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kubota":{"geometry":"kubota","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tsugaru":{"geometry":"tsugaru","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-amur":{"geometry":"amur-cession","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ussuri":{"geometry":"ussuri-cession","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sakhalin":{"geometry":"sakhalin-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ezo":{"geometry":"ezo-outside-matsumae","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Ainu homeland: regional reference"},"z-skurils":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_RIVER"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1842":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11320","geometry":"clio-11320","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11320"]},{"id":"polity-11385","geometry":"clio-11385","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11405","geometry":"clio-11405","name":"British Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11405"]},{"id":"polity-11375","geometry":"clio-11375-j1842","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11375"]},{"id":"polity-11386","geometry":"clio-11386","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11386"]},{"id":"polity-11377","geometry":"clio-11377","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11377"]},{"id":"polity-11140","geometry":"clio-11140","name":"Spanish Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11140"]},{"id":"polity-11087","geometry":"clio-11087","name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","status":"shogun","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11237","geometry":"clio-11237","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11237"]},{"id":"polity-8854","geometry":"clio-8854","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11171","geometry":"clio-11171","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11171"]},{"id":"polity-10244","geometry":"clio-10244","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-10244"]},{"id":"polity-11128","geometry":"clio-11128","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11128"]}],"zones":{"z-satsuma":{"geometry":"satsuma","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-higo":{"geometry":"higo","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-hizen":{"geometry":"hizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-chikuzen":{"geometry":"chikuzen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-choshu":{"geometry":"choshu","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-aki":{"geometry":"aki","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-bizen":{"geometry":"bizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-inaba":{"geometry":"inaba","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-awa":{"geometry":"awa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tosa":{"geometry":"tosa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kaga":{"geometry":"kaga","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sendai":{"geometry":"sendai","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-morioka":{"geometry":"morioka","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kubota":{"geometry":"kubota","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tsugaru":{"geometry":"tsugaru","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-amur":{"geometry":"amur-cession","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ussuri":{"geometry":"ussuri-cession","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sakhalin":{"geometry":"sakhalin-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ezo":{"geometry":"ezo-outside-matsumae","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Ainu homeland: regional reference"},"z-skurils":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_RIVER","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1854":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11524","geometry":"clio-11524","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11524"]},{"id":"polity-11528","geometry":"clio-11528","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11511","geometry":"clio-11511","name":"British Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11511"]},{"id":"polity-11537","geometry":"clio-11537","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11537"]},{"id":"polity-11530","geometry":"clio-11530","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11530"]},{"id":"polity-11543","geometry":"clio-11543","name":"Spanish Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11543"]},{"id":"polity-11539","geometry":"clio-11539","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11539"]},{"id":"polity-11087","geometry":"clio-11087","name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","status":"shogun","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11237","geometry":"clio-11237","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11237"]},{"id":"polity-8854","geometry":"clio-8854","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11527","geometry":"clio-11527","name":"Taiping Heavenly Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11527"]},{"id":"polity-11171","geometry":"clio-11171","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11171"]},{"id":"polity-11551","geometry":"clio-11551","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11551"]},{"id":"polity-11409","geometry":"clio-11409","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11409"]}],"zones":{"z-satsuma":{"geometry":"satsuma","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-higo":{"geometry":"higo","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-hizen":{"geometry":"hizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-chikuzen":{"geometry":"chikuzen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-choshu":{"geometry":"choshu","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-aki":{"geometry":"aki","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-bizen":{"geometry":"bizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-inaba":{"geometry":"inaba","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-awa":{"geometry":"awa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tosa":{"geometry":"tosa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kaga":{"geometry":"kaga","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sendai":{"geometry":"sendai","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-morioka":{"geometry":"morioka","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kubota":{"geometry":"kubota","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tsugaru":{"geometry":"tsugaru","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-amur":{"geometry":"amur-cession","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ussuri":{"geometry":"ussuri-cession","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sakhalin":{"geometry":"sakhalin-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ezo":{"geometry":"ezo-outside-matsumae","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Ainu homeland: regional reference"},"z-skurils":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-shimoda":{"geometry":"z-p-shimoda-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_RIVER","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1859":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11621","geometry":"russia-after-aigun-j1859","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11621"]},{"id":"polity-11658","geometry":"qing-after-aigun","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11651","geometry":"clio-11651","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11651"]},{"id":"polity-11634","geometry":"clio-11634","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11634"]},{"id":"polity-11530","geometry":"clio-11530","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11530"]},{"id":"polity-11593","geometry":"clio-11593","name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","status":"shogun","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11648","geometry":"clio-11648","name":"Spanish Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11648"]},{"id":"polity-11650","geometry":"clio-11650","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11650"]},{"id":"polity-11629","geometry":"clio-11629","name":"Panthay Rebellion","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11629"]},{"id":"polity-8854","geometry":"clio-8854","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11599","geometry":"clio-11599","name":"Taiping Heavenly Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11599"]},{"id":"polity-11654","geometry":"clio-11654","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11654"]},{"id":"polity-11581","geometry":"clio-11581","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11581"]},{"id":"polity-11551","geometry":"clio-11551","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11551"]},{"id":"polity-11626","geometry":"clio-11626","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11626"]}],"zones":{"z-satsuma":{"geometry":"satsuma","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-higo":{"geometry":"higo","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-hizen":{"geometry":"hizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-chikuzen":{"geometry":"chikuzen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-choshu":{"geometry":"choshu","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-aki":{"geometry":"aki","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-bizen":{"geometry":"bizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-inaba":{"geometry":"inaba","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-awa":{"geometry":"awa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tosa":{"geometry":"tosa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kaga":{"geometry":"kaga","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sendai":{"geometry":"sendai","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-morioka":{"geometry":"morioka","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kubota":{"geometry":"kubota","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tsugaru":{"geometry":"tsugaru","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ussuri":{"geometry":"ussuri-cession","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sakhalin":{"geometry":"sakhalin-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ezo":{"geometry":"ezo-outside-matsumae","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Ainu homeland: regional reference"},"z-skurils":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-shimoda":{"geometry":"z-p-shimoda-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_RIVER","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1864":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11753","geometry":"clio-11753-j1864","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11753"]},{"id":"polity-11728","geometry":"clio-11728-j1864","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11736","geometry":"clio-11736","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11736"]},{"id":"polity-11664","geometry":"clio-11664-j1864","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11664"]},{"id":"polity-11530","geometry":"clio-11530","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11530"]},{"id":"polity-11690","geometry":"clio-11690","name":"Spanish Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11690"]},{"id":"polity-11742","geometry":"clio-11742","name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","status":"shogun","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11650","geometry":"clio-11650","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11650"]},{"id":"polity-11629","geometry":"clio-11629","name":"Panthay Rebellion","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11629"]},{"id":"polity-11661","geometry":"clio-11661","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11654","geometry":"clio-11654-j1864","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11654"]},{"id":"polity-11727","geometry":"clio-11727","name":"Taiping Heavenly Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11727"]},{"id":"polity-11581","geometry":"clio-11581","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11581"]},{"id":"polity-11671","geometry":"clio-11671","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11671"]},{"id":"polity-11551","geometry":"clio-11551","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11551"]},{"id":"polity-11626","geometry":"clio-11626","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11626"]}],"zones":{"z-satsuma":{"geometry":"satsuma","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-higo":{"geometry":"higo","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-hizen":{"geometry":"hizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-chikuzen":{"geometry":"chikuzen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-choshu":{"geometry":"choshu","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-aki":{"geometry":"aki","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-bizen":{"geometry":"bizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-inaba":{"geometry":"inaba","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-awa":{"geometry":"awa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tosa":{"geometry":"tosa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kaga":{"geometry":"kaga","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sendai":{"geometry":"sendai","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-morioka":{"geometry":"morioka","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kubota":{"geometry":"kubota","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tsugaru":{"geometry":"tsugaru","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sakhalin":{"geometry":"sakhalin-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ezo":{"geometry":"ezo-outside-matsumae","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Ainu homeland: regional reference"},"z-skurils":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-choshu64":{"geometry":"choshu","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Chōshū war region"},"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tamsui":{"geometry":"z-p-tamsui-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1868":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11831","geometry":"clio-11831-j1868","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11831"]},{"id":"polity-11824","geometry":"clio-11824-j1868","name":"United States of America","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11824"]},{"id":"polity-11822","geometry":"clio-11822-j1868","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11812","geometry":"clio-11812","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11812"]},{"id":"polity-11836","geometry":"clio-11836-j1868","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11836"]},{"id":"polity-11530","geometry":"clio-11530","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11530"]},{"id":"polity-11690","geometry":"clio-11690","name":"Spanish Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11690"]},{"id":"polity-11839","geometry":"clio-11839-j1868","name":"Tokugawa Shogunate","status":"outer","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11650","geometry":"clio-11650","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11650"]},{"id":"polity-11840","geometry":"clio-11840","name":"Panthay Rebellion","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11840"]},{"id":"polity-11661","geometry":"clio-11661","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11820","geometry":"clio-11820","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11820"]},{"id":"polity-11819","geometry":"clio-11819","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11819"]},{"id":"polity-11581","geometry":"clio-11581","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11581"]},{"id":"polity-11551","geometry":"clio-11551","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11551"]},{"id":"polity-11828","geometry":"clio-11828","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11626","geometry":"clio-11626","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11626"]}],"zones":{"z-north68":{"geometry":"north-1868-theater","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Northern rebellion region"},"z-tenryo-kanto":{"geometry":"tenryo-kanto","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Former shogunal lands: regional locator"},"z-tenryo-yamashiro":{"geometry":"tenryo-yamashiro","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Former shogunal lands: regional locator"},"z-tenryo-kinai":{"geometry":"tenryo-kinai","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Former shogunal lands: regional locator"},"z-tenryo-kai":{"geometry":"tenryo-kai","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Former shogunal lands: regional locator"},"z-tenryo-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-tenryo-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-tenryo-sado":{"geometry":"sado-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tenryo-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-tenryo-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-satsuma":{"geometry":"satsuma","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-higo":{"geometry":"higo","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-hizen":{"geometry":"hizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-chikuzen":{"geometry":"chikuzen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-choshu":{"geometry":"choshu","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-aki":{"geometry":"aki","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-bizen":{"geometry":"bizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-inaba":{"geometry":"inaba","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-awa":{"geometry":"awa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tosa":{"geometry":"tosa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kaga":{"geometry":"kaga","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sendai":{"geometry":"sendai","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-morioka":{"geometry":"morioka","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kubota":{"geometry":"kubota","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tsugaru":{"geometry":"tsugaru","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sakhalin":{"geometry":"sakhalin-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ezo":{"geometry":"ezo-outside-matsumae","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Ainu homeland: regional reference"},"z-skurils":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-kobe":{"geometry":"z-p-kobe-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tamsui":{"geometry":"z-p-tamsui-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1869":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11831","geometry":"clio-11831-j1869","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11831"]},{"id":"polity-11824","geometry":"clio-11824-j1869","name":"United States of America","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11824"]},{"id":"polity-11822","geometry":"clio-11822-j1869","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11812","geometry":"clio-11812","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11812"]},{"id":"polity-11836","geometry":"clio-11836-j1869","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11836"]},{"id":"polity-11530","geometry":"clio-11530","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11530"]},{"id":"polity-11690","geometry":"clio-11690","name":"Spanish Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11690"]},{"id":"polity-11650","geometry":"clio-11650","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11650"]},{"id":"polity-11840","geometry":"clio-11840","name":"Panthay Rebellion","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11840"]},{"id":"polity-11661","geometry":"clio-11661","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11820","geometry":"clio-11820","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11820"]},{"id":"polity-11819","geometry":"clio-11819","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11819"]},{"id":"polity-11581","geometry":"clio-11581","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11581"]},{"id":"polity-11551","geometry":"clio-11551","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11551"]},{"id":"polity-11828","geometry":"clio-11828","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11626","geometry":"clio-11626","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11626"]}],"zones":{"z-kaga":{"geometry":"kaga","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-satsuma":{"geometry":"satsuma","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-higo":{"geometry":"higo","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-hizen":{"geometry":"hizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-chikuzen":{"geometry":"chikuzen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-choshu":{"geometry":"choshu","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-aki":{"geometry":"aki","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-bizen":{"geometry":"bizen","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-inaba":{"geometry":"inaba","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-awa":{"geometry":"awa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tosa":{"geometry":"tosa","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sendai":{"geometry":"sendai","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-morioka":{"geometry":"morioka","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-kubota":{"geometry":"kubota","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tsugaru":{"geometry":"tsugaru","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tenryo-kanto":{"geometry":"tenryo-kanto","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Former shogunal lands: regional locator"},"z-tenryo-yamashiro":{"geometry":"tenryo-yamashiro","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Former shogunal lands: regional locator"},"z-tenryo-kinai":{"geometry":"tenryo-kinai","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Former shogunal lands: regional locator"},"z-tenryo-kai":{"geometry":"tenryo-kai","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Former shogunal lands: regional locator"},"z-tenryo-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-tenryo-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-tenryo-sado":{"geometry":"sado-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-tenryo-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-tenryo-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-ezo-j":{"geometry":"hokkaido-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-sakhalin":{"geometry":"sakhalin-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-skurils-j":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-kobe":{"geometry":"z-p-kobe-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niigata":{"geometry":"z-p-niigata-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tamsui":{"geometry":"z-p-tamsui-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1871":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11903","geometry":"clio-11903-j1871","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11903"]},{"id":"polity-11902","geometry":"clio-11902-j1871","name":"United States of America","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11902"]},{"id":"polity-11822","geometry":"clio-11822-j1871","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11889","geometry":"clio-11889","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11889"]},{"id":"polity-11836","geometry":"clio-11836-j1871","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11836"]},{"id":"polity-11530","geometry":"clio-11530","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11530"]},{"id":"polity-11882","geometry":"clio-11882","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11690","geometry":"clio-11690","name":"Spanish Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11690"]},{"id":"polity-11650","geometry":"clio-11650","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11650"]},{"id":"polity-11908","geometry":"clio-11908","name":"Panthay Rebellion","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11908"]},{"id":"polity-11661","geometry":"clio-11661","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11853","geometry":"clio-11853","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11853"]},{"id":"polity-11898","geometry":"clio-11898","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11898"]},{"id":"polity-11581","geometry":"clio-11581","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11581"]},{"id":"polity-11551","geometry":"clio-11551","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11551"]},{"id":"polity-11626","geometry":"clio-11626","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11626"]}],"zones":{"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-kobe":{"geometry":"z-p-kobe-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niigata":{"geometry":"z-p-niigata-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-sakhalin":{"geometry":"sakhalin-island","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-skurils-j":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tamsui":{"geometry":"z-p-tamsui-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1877":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-11955","geometry":"clio-11955-j1877","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11955"]},{"id":"polity-11947","geometry":"clio-11947-j1877","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-11946","geometry":"clio-11946-j1877","name":"United States of America","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11946"]},{"id":"polity-11941","geometry":"clio-11941","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11941"]},{"id":"polity-11836","geometry":"clio-11836-j1877","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11836"]},{"id":"polity-11952","geometry":"clio-11952","name":"Kingdom of Spain","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11952"]},{"id":"polity-11530","geometry":"clio-11530","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11530"]},{"id":"polity-11959","geometry":"clio-11959","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-11650","geometry":"clio-11650","name":"Burma","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11650"]},{"id":"polity-11661","geometry":"clio-11661","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-11853","geometry":"clio-11853","name":"Nguyễn dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11853"]},{"id":"polity-11898","geometry":"clio-11898","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11898"]},{"id":"polity-11912","geometry":"clio-11912","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11912"]},{"id":"polity-11551","geometry":"clio-11551","name":"Chiangmai","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-11551"]},{"id":"polity-11626","geometry":"clio-11626","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11626"]}],"zones":{"z-satsuma77":{"geometry":"satsuma-1877-theater","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Satsuma rebellion region"},"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-kobe":{"geometry":"z-p-kobe-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niigata":{"geometry":"z-p-niigata-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-skurils-j":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-nkurils-j":{"geometry":"northern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-ryukyu":{"geometry":"ryukyu-islands","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-busan":{"geometry":"z-p-busan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tamsui":{"geometry":"z-p-tamsui-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1889":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-12014","geometry":"clio-12014-j1889","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12014"]},{"id":"polity-12035","geometry":"clio-12035-j1889","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-12051","geometry":"clio-12051","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12051"]},{"id":"polity-12005","geometry":"clio-12005-j1889","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12005"]},{"id":"polity-12013","geometry":"clio-12013","name":"Kingdom of Spain","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12013"]},{"id":"polity-12031","geometry":"clio-12031","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12031"]},{"id":"polity-11980","geometry":"clio-11980","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-12034","geometry":"clio-12034","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12034"]},{"id":"polity-11661","geometry":"clio-11661","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-12018","geometry":"clio-12018","name":"Kingdom of Luang Phrabang","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12018"]},{"id":"polity-11626","geometry":"clio-11626","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-11626"]}],"zones":{"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-kobe":{"geometry":"z-p-kobe-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niigata":{"geometry":"z-p-niigata-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-skurils-j":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-nkurils-j":{"geometry":"northern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-busan":{"geometry":"z-p-busan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-wonsan":{"geometry":"z-p-wonsan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-incheon":{"geometry":"z-p-incheon-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tamsui":{"geometry":"z-p-tamsui-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{"f-rail-tokaido":{"geometry":"f-rail-tokaido"}},"sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1895":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-12145","geometry":"clio-12145-j1895","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12145"]},{"id":"polity-12119","geometry":"clio-12119-j1895","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12119"]},{"id":"polity-12109","geometry":"clio-12109-j1895","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-12129","geometry":"clio-12129-j1895","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12129"]},{"id":"polity-12142","geometry":"clio-12142","name":"Kingdom of Spain","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12142"]},{"id":"polity-12107","geometry":"clio-12107","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12107"]},{"id":"polity-12102","geometry":"clio-12102","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12102"]},{"id":"polity-12137","geometry":"clio-12137","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-12132","geometry":"clio-12132","name":"Joseon","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-12138","geometry":"clio-12138","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12138"]}],"zones":{"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-kobe":{"geometry":"z-p-kobe-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niigata":{"geometry":"z-p-niigata-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-skurils-j":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-nkurils-j":{"geometry":"northern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-busan":{"geometry":"z-p-busan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-wonsan":{"geometry":"z-p-wonsan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-incheon":{"geometry":"z-p-incheon-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"}},"fronts":{"f-rail-tokaido":{"geometry":"f-rail-tokaido"},"f-rail-tohoku":{"geometry":"f-rail-tohoku"}},"sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1898":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-12179","geometry":"clio-12179-j1898","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12179"]},{"id":"polity-12160","geometry":"clio-12160-j1898","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12160"]},{"id":"polity-12150","geometry":"clio-12150-j1898","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-12129","geometry":"clio-12129-j1898","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12129"]},{"id":"polity-12177","geometry":"clio-12177","name":"Kingdom of Spain","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12177"]},{"id":"polity-12171","geometry":"clio-12171","name":"German Empire","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12171"]},{"id":"polity-12155","geometry":"clio-12155-j1898","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12155"]},{"id":"polity-12102","geometry":"clio-12102","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12102"]},{"id":"polity-12175","geometry":"clio-12175","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-12170","geometry":"clio-12170","name":"Korean Empire","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-12176","geometry":"clio-12176","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12176"]}],"zones":{"z-p-yokohama":{"geometry":"z-p-yokohama-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-nagasaki":{"geometry":"z-p-nagasaki-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-hakodate":{"geometry":"z-p-hakodate-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-kobe":{"geometry":"z-p-kobe-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niigata":{"geometry":"z-p-niigata-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-skurils-j":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-nkurils-j":{"geometry":"northern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-busan":{"geometry":"z-p-busan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-wonsan":{"geometry":"z-p-wonsan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-incheon":{"geometry":"z-p-incheon-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-kwantung-ru":{"geometry":"kwantung-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-jiaozhou":{"geometry":"jiaozhou-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-weihaiwei":{"geometry":"weihaiwei-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"}},"fronts":{"f-rail-tokaido":{"geometry":"f-rail-tokaido"},"f-rail-tohoku":{"geometry":"f-rail-tohoku"}},"sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1905":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-12252","geometry":"clio-12252-j1905","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12252"]},{"id":"polity-12221","geometry":"clio-12221-j1905","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-12218","geometry":"clio-12218-j1905","name":"United States of America","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12218"]},{"id":"polity-12232","geometry":"clio-12232-j1905","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12232"]},{"id":"polity-12129","geometry":"clio-12129-j1905","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12129"]},{"id":"polity-12249","geometry":"clio-12249-j1905","name":"German Empire","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12249"]},{"id":"polity-12230","geometry":"clio-12230","name":"Austria-Hungary","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12230"]},{"id":"polity-12222","geometry":"clio-12222-j1905","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12222"]},{"id":"polity-12260","geometry":"clio-12260-j1905","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-12224","geometry":"clio-12224","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12224"]},{"id":"polity-12242","geometry":"clio-12242","name":"Kingdom of Italy","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12242"]},{"id":"polity-12241","geometry":"clio-12241","name":"Korean Empire","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK","KOR"]},{"id":"polity-12193","geometry":"clio-12193","name":"Kingdom of Belgium","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12193"]},{"id":"polity-12176","geometry":"clio-12176","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12176"]}],"zones":{"z-karafuto":{"geometry":"ww-karafuto-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-skurils-j":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-nkurils-j":{"geometry":"northern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-busan":{"geometry":"z-p-busan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-wonsan":{"geometry":"z-p-wonsan-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-incheon":{"geometry":"z-p-incheon-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-kwantung-j":{"geometry":"kwantung-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-jiaozhou":{"geometry":"jiaozhou-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-weihaiwei":{"geometry":"weihaiwei-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"}},"fronts":{"f-rail-tokaido":{"geometry":"f-rail-tokaido"},"f-rail-tohoku":{"geometry":"f-rail-tohoku"},"f-rail-sanyo":{"geometry":"f-rail-sanyo"},"f-rail-korea":{"geometry":"f-rail-korea"},"f-rail-smr":{"geometry":"f-rail-smr"},"f-rail-cer":{"geometry":"f-rail-cer"}},"sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES","ww-cliopatria-v0.2.1"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"j1910":{"theater":"japan","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"polity-12252","geometry":"clio-12252-j1910","name":"Russian Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12252"]},{"id":"polity-12221","geometry":"clio-12221-j1910","name":"Qing Dynasty","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN","MNG","TWN"]},{"id":"polity-12261","geometry":"clio-12261-j1910","name":"United States of America","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12261"]},{"id":"polity-12272","geometry":"clio-12272-j1910","name":"British Colonial Empire","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12272"]},{"id":"polity-12129","geometry":"clio-12129-j1910","name":"British Raj","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12129"]},{"id":"polity-12249","geometry":"clio-12249-j1910","name":"German Empire","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12249"]},{"id":"polity-12230","geometry":"clio-12230","name":"Austria-Hungary","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12230"]},{"id":"polity-12260","geometry":"clio-12306-j1910","name":"Empire of Japan","status":"meiji","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"polity-12265","geometry":"clio-12265","name":"French Indochina","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12265"]},{"id":"polity-12267","geometry":"clio-12267","name":"Rattanakosin Kingdom","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12267"]},{"id":"polity-12242","geometry":"clio-12242","name":"Kingdom of Italy","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12242"]},{"id":"polity-12193","geometry":"clio-12193","name":"Kingdom of Belgium","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["polity-12193"]},{"id":"polity-12279","geometry":"clio-12279","name":"Portuguese Colonies","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["polity-12279"]}],"zones":{"z-karafuto":{"geometry":"ww-karafuto-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-skurils-j":{"geometry":"southern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-nkurils-j":{"geometry":"northern-kurils","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-p-canton":{"geometry":"z-p-canton-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-amoy":{"geometry":"z-p-amoy-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-fuzhou":{"geometry":"z-p-fuzhou-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-ningbo":{"geometry":"z-p-ningbo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-shanghai":{"geometry":"z-p-shanghai-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-tianjin":{"geometry":"z-p-tianjin-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-niuzhuang":{"geometry":"z-p-niuzhuang-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-p-chefoo":{"geometry":"z-p-chefoo-symbol","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Treaty port / named administrative centre"},"z-kwantung-j":{"geometry":"kwantung-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-jiaozhou":{"geometry":"jiaozhou-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-weihaiwei":{"geometry":"weihaiwei-lease","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"}},"fronts":{"f-rail-tokaido":{"geometry":"f-rail-tokaido"},"f-rail-tohoku":{"geometry":"f-rail-tohoku"},"f-rail-sanyo":{"geometry":"f-rail-sanyo"},"f-rail-korea":{"geometry":"f-rail-korea"},"f-rail-smr":{"geometry":"f-rail-smr"},"f-rail-cer":{"geometry":"f-rail-cer"}},"sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES","ww-cliopatria-v0.2.1"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"e1964":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"cw-frg-1958-without-berlin","name":"Federal Republic of Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1962","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1949","name":"Israel (armistice reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-jordan-1949","name":"Jordan and the West Bank","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1958","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-south-vietnam","name":"South Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-north-yemen","name":"North Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"cw-czechoslovakia","name":"Czechoslovakia","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["CZE","SVK"]},{"id":"SRB","geometry":"cw-yugoslavia","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","HRV","SVN","BIH","MNE","MKD","KOS"]},{"id":"DDR","geometry":"cw-gdr-1953-without-berlin","name":"German Democratic Republic","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"BERLIN","geometry":"cw-berlin-four-power","name":"Berlin (four-power city)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DEU"],"statusLabel":"Four-power city; sectors not shown"},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-pakistan-east-west","name":"Pakistan (West and East)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK","BGD"]},{"id":"NORTH_VIETNAM","geometry":"cw-north-vietnam","name":"North Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"SOUTH_YEMEN","geometry":"cw-south-yemen","name":"Aden and the protectorates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TJK"]}],"zones":{"z-gdr":{"geometry":"cw-gdr-1953-without-berlin","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["NE","cw-AIRLIFT","cw-BERLIN_STATUS","cw-BERLIN_WALL","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE","cw-NE_ADMIN1"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e1980":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"cw-frg-1958-without-berlin","name":"Federal Republic of Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1979","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1976","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-north-yemen","name":"North Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"cw-czechoslovakia","name":"Czechoslovakia","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["CZE","SVK"]},{"id":"SRB","geometry":"cw-yugoslavia","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","HRV","SVN","BIH","MNE","MKD","KOS"]},{"id":"DDR","geometry":"cw-gdr-1976-without-berlin","name":"German Democratic Republic","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"BERLIN","geometry":"cw-berlin-four-power","name":"Berlin (four-power city)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DEU"],"statusLabel":"Four-power city; sectors not shown"},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"SOUTH_YEMEN","geometry":"cw-south-yemen","name":"South Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TJK"]}],"zones":{"z-gdr":{"geometry":"cw-gdr-1953-without-berlin","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"}},"sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","cw-AIRLIFT","cw-BERLIN_STATUS","cw-BERLIN_WALL","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE","cw-NE_ADMIN1"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e1988":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"cw-frg-1958-without-berlin","name":"Federal Republic of Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1989","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1987","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-north-yemen","name":"North Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"cw-czechoslovakia","name":"Czechoslovakia","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["CZE","SVK"]},{"id":"SRB","geometry":"cw-yugoslavia","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","HRV","SVN","BIH","MNE","MKD","KOS"]},{"id":"DDR","geometry":"cw-gdr-1976-without-berlin","name":"German Democratic Republic","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"BERLIN","geometry":"cw-berlin-four-power","name":"Berlin (four-power city)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DEU"],"statusLabel":"Four-power city; sectors not shown"},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"SOUTH_YEMEN","geometry":"cw-south-yemen","name":"South Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TJK"]}],"zones":{"z-gdr":{"geometry":"cw-gdr-1953-without-berlin","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-nkao":{"geometry":"former-nkao","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"}},"sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NKAO","cw-AIRLIFT","cw-BERLIN_STATUS","cw-BERLIN_WALL","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE","cw-NE_ADMIN1"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e1989":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"cw-frg-1958-without-berlin","name":"Federal Republic of Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1989","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1987","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"bloc","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-north-yemen","name":"North Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"cw-czechoslovakia","name":"Czechoslovakia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CZE","SVK"]},{"id":"SRB","geometry":"cw-yugoslavia","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","HRV","SVN","BIH","MNE","MKD","KOS"]},{"id":"DDR","geometry":"cw-gdr-1976-without-berlin","name":"German Democratic Republic","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"BERLIN","geometry":"cw-berlin-four-power","name":"Berlin (four-power city)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DEU"],"statusLabel":"Four-power city; sectors not shown"},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"SOUTH_YEMEN","geometry":"cw-south-yemen","name":"South Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TJK"]}],"zones":{"z-gdr90":{"geometry":"cw-gdr-1953-without-berlin","clip":null,"areaRole":"control"},"z-nkao":{"geometry":"former-nkao","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"},"f-balticway":{"geometry":"f-balticway"}},"sourceIds":["BALTIC","CONTEXT","NE","NKAO","cw-AIRLIFT","cw-BERLIN_STATUS","cw-BERLIN_WALL","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE","cw-NE_ADMIN1"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e1990":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"ne-DEU","name":"Federal Republic of Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1989","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1987","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-north-yemen","name":"North Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"cw-czechoslovakia","name":"Czechoslovakia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CZE","SVK"]},{"id":"SRB","geometry":"cw-yugoslavia","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","HRV","SVN","BIH","MNE","MKD","KOS"]},{"id":"DDR","geometry":"cw-gdr-1976-without-berlin","name":"German Democratic Republic","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"SOUTH_YEMEN","geometry":"cw-south-yemen","name":"South Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"war","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"war","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"war","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["TJK"]}],"zones":{"z-tatarstan":{"geometry":"tatarstan-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Declared-sovereignty region"},"z-sakha":{"geometry":"sakha-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Declared-sovereignty region"},"z-nkao":{"geometry":"former-nkao","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-transnistria":{"geometry":"transnistria-with-bender","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"}},"sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NKAO","cw-BERLIN_WALL","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE","cw-NE_ADMIN1"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e1991":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"ne-DEU","name":"Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1989","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1987","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-ne-YEM","name":"Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"cw-czechoslovakia","name":"Czechoslovakia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CZE","SVK"]},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["TJK"]},{"id":"HRV","geometry":"ne-HRV","name":"Yugoslavia (Croatia; independent from 1991)","status":"war","semanticIds":["HRV"]},{"id":"SVN","geometry":"ne-SVN","name":"Yugoslavia (Slovenia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVN"]},{"id":"MKD","geometry":"ne-MKD","name":"Yugoslavia (Macedonia; independent from 1991)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MKD"]},{"id":"YUGO","geometry":"remaining-yugoslavia-1991","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","MNE","KOS","BIH"]}],"zones":{"z-chechnya":{"geometry":"chechnya-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-tatarstan":{"geometry":"tatarstan-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Declared-sovereignty region"},"z-sakha":{"geometry":"sakha-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Declared-sovereignty region"},"z-nkao":{"geometry":"former-nkao","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-transnistria":{"geometry":"transnistria-with-bender","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-sossetia":{"geometry":"sossetia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"}},"sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NKAO","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e1993":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"ne-DEU","name":"Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1989","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1987","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-ne-YEM","name":"Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"war","semanticIds":["TJK"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"ne-CZE","name":"Czech Republic","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CZE"]},{"id":"SVK","geometry":"ne-SVK","name":"Slovakia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVK"]},{"id":"HRV","geometry":"ne-HRV","name":"Yugoslavia (Croatia; independent from 1991)","status":"war","semanticIds":["HRV"]},{"id":"SVN","geometry":"ne-SVN","name":"Yugoslavia (Slovenia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVN"]},{"id":"MKD","geometry":"ne-MKD","name":"Yugoslavia (Macedonia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MKD"]},{"id":"YUGO","geometry":"remaining-yugoslavia-1993","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","MNE","KOS"]},{"id":"BIH","geometry":"ne-BIH","name":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","status":"war","semanticIds":["BIH"]}],"zones":{"z-chechnya":{"geometry":"chechnya-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-tatarstan":{"geometry":"tatarstan-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Declared-sovereignty region"},"z-sakha":{"geometry":"sakha-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Declared-sovereignty region"},"z-karabakh94":{"geometry":"karabakh-pre2020","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-transnistria":{"geometry":"transnistria-with-bender","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-abkhazia":{"geometry":"abkhazia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-sossetia":{"geometry":"sossetia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"}},"sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_DISPUTED_2018","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e1994":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"ne-DEU","name":"Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1989","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1987","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-ne-YEM","name":"Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"war","semanticIds":["TJK"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"ne-CZE","name":"Czech Republic","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CZE"]},{"id":"SVK","geometry":"ne-SVK","name":"Slovakia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVK"]},{"id":"HRV","geometry":"ne-HRV","name":"Yugoslavia (Croatia; independent from 1991)","status":"war","semanticIds":["HRV"]},{"id":"SVN","geometry":"ne-SVN","name":"Yugoslavia (Slovenia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVN"]},{"id":"MKD","geometry":"ne-MKD","name":"Yugoslavia (Macedonia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MKD"]},{"id":"YUGO","geometry":"remaining-yugoslavia-1994","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","MNE","KOS"]},{"id":"BIH","geometry":"ne-BIH","name":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","status":"war","semanticIds":["BIH"]}],"zones":{"z-chechnya":{"geometry":"chechnya-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-sakha":{"geometry":"sakha-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Declared-sovereignty region"},"z-karabakh94":{"geometry":"karabakh-pre2020","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-transnistria":{"geometry":"transnistria-with-bender","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-abkhazia":{"geometry":"abkhazia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-sossetia":{"geometry":"sossetia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"}},"sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_DISPUTED_2018","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e1996":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"ne-DEU","name":"Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1989","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1987","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-ne-YEM","name":"Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"war","semanticIds":["TJK"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"ne-CZE","name":"Czech Republic","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CZE"]},{"id":"SVK","geometry":"ne-SVK","name":"Slovakia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVK"]},{"id":"HRV","geometry":"ne-HRV","name":"Yugoslavia (Croatia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["HRV"]},{"id":"SVN","geometry":"ne-SVN","name":"Yugoslavia (Slovenia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVN"]},{"id":"MKD","geometry":"ne-MKD","name":"Yugoslavia (Macedonia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MKD"]},{"id":"YUGO","geometry":"remaining-yugoslavia-1996","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","MNE","KOS"]},{"id":"BIH","geometry":"ne-BIH","name":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BIH"]}],"zones":{"z-chechnya":{"geometry":"chechnya-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-karabakh94":{"geometry":"karabakh-pre2020","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-transnistria":{"geometry":"transnistria-with-bender","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-abkhazia":{"geometry":"abkhazia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-sossetia":{"geometry":"sossetia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"}},"sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_DISPUTED_2018","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"e2000":{"theater":"eurasia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"AFG","geometry":"cw-ne-AFG","name":"Afghanistan","status":"war","semanticIds":["AFG"]},{"id":"ALB","geometry":"cw-ne-ALB","name":"Albania","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ALB"]},{"id":"AND","geometry":"cw-ne-AND","name":"Andorra","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AND"]},{"id":"ARE","geometry":"cw-ne-ARE","name":"United Arab Emirates","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["ARE"]},{"id":"AUT","geometry":"cw-ne-AUT","name":"Austria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["AUT"]},{"id":"BEL","geometry":"cw-ne-BEL","name":"Belgium","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["BEL"]},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"cw-ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BGD"]},{"id":"BGR","geometry":"cw-ne-BGR","name":"Bulgaria","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BGR"]},{"id":"BHR","geometry":"cw-ne-BHR","name":"Bahrain","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BHR"]},{"id":"BTN","geometry":"cw-ne-BTN","name":"Bhutan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["BTN"]},{"id":"CHE","geometry":"cw-ne-CHE","name":"Switzerland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CHE"]},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"cw-ne-CHN","name":"China","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["CHN"]},{"id":"CYP","geometry":"cw-ne-CYP","name":"Cyprus","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["CYP"]},{"id":"DEU","geometry":"ne-DEU","name":"Germany","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DEU"]},{"id":"DNK","geometry":"cw-ne-DNK","name":"Denmark","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["DNK"]},{"id":"DZA","geometry":"cw-ne-DZA","name":"Algeria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["DZA"]},{"id":"EGY","geometry":"cw-ne-EGY","name":"Egypt","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["EGY"]},{"id":"ESP","geometry":"cw-ne-ESP","name":"Spain","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ESP"]},{"id":"FIN","geometry":"cw-ne-FIN","name":"Finland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["FIN"]},{"id":"FRA","geometry":"cw-ne-FRA","name":"France","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["FRA"]},{"id":"GBR","geometry":"cw-ne-GBR","name":"United Kingdom","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GBR"]},{"id":"GRC","geometry":"cw-ne-GRC","name":"Greece","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["GRC"]},{"id":"HUN","geometry":"cw-ne-HUN","name":"Hungary","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["HUN"]},{"id":"IND","geometry":"cw-india-1989","name":"India","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IND"]},{"id":"IRL","geometry":"cw-ne-IRL","name":"Ireland","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRL"]},{"id":"IRN","geometry":"cw-ne-IRN","name":"Iran","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRN"]},{"id":"IRQ","geometry":"cw-ne-IRQ","name":"Iraq","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["IRQ"]},{"id":"ISR","geometry":"cw-israel-1987","name":"Israeli-controlled territory (source reference)","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ISR"]},{"id":"ITA","geometry":"cw-ne-ITA","name":"Italy","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["ITA"]},{"id":"JOR","geometry":"cw-ne-JOR","name":"Jordan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["JOR"]},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"cw-ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["JPN"]},{"id":"KOR","geometry":"cw-south-korea","name":"South Korea","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["KOR"]},{"id":"KWT","geometry":"cw-ne-KWT","name":"Kuwait","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["KWT"]},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"cw-ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LAO"]},{"id":"LBN","geometry":"cw-ne-LBN","name":"Lebanon","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBN"]},{"id":"LBY","geometry":"cw-ne-LBY","name":"Libya","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["LBY"]},{"id":"LUX","geometry":"cw-ne-LUX","name":"Luxembourg","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["LUX"]},{"id":"MAR","geometry":"cw-morocco-1969","name":"Morocco (dated perimeter)","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MAR"]},{"id":"MLI","geometry":"cw-ne-MLI","name":"Mali","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLI"]},{"id":"MLT","geometry":"cw-ne-MLT","name":"Malta","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MLT"]},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"cw-ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["MMR"]},{"id":"MNG","geometry":"cw-ne-MNG","name":"Mongolia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MNG"]},{"id":"NER","geometry":"cw-ne-NER","name":"Niger","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NER"]},{"id":"NLD","geometry":"cw-ne-NLD","name":"Netherlands","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NLD"]},{"id":"NOR","geometry":"cw-ne-NOR","name":"Norway","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["NOR"]},{"id":"NPL","geometry":"cw-ne-NPL","name":"Nepal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["NPL"]},{"id":"OMN","geometry":"cw-ne-OMN","name":"Oman","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["OMN"]},{"id":"PAK","geometry":"cw-ne-PAK","name":"Pakistan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["PAK"]},{"id":"POL","geometry":"cw-ne-POL","name":"Poland","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["POL"]},{"id":"PRK","geometry":"cw-north-korea","name":"North Korea","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["PRK"]},{"id":"PRT","geometry":"cw-ne-PRT","name":"Portugal","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PRT"]},{"id":"PSE","geometry":"cw-ne-PSE","name":"Palestine","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["PSE"]},{"id":"QAT","geometry":"cw-ne-QAT","name":"Qatar","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["QAT"]},{"id":"ROU","geometry":"cw-ne-ROU","name":"Romania","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ROU"]},{"id":"SAU","geometry":"cw-ne-SAU","name":"Saudi Arabia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SAU"]},{"id":"SWE","geometry":"cw-ne-SWE","name":"Sweden","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SWE"]},{"id":"SYR","geometry":"cw-ne-SYR","name":"Syria","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SYR"]},{"id":"TCD","geometry":"cw-ne-TCD","name":"Chad","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TCD"]},{"id":"THA","geometry":"cw-ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["THA"]},{"id":"TUN","geometry":"cw-ne-TUN","name":"Tunisia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["TUN"]},{"id":"TUR","geometry":"cw-ne-TUR","name":"Turkey","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TUR"]},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"cw-ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["TWN"]},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"cw-ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["VNM"]},{"id":"YEM","geometry":"cw-ne-YEM","name":"Yemen","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["YEM"]},{"id":"SDN","geometry":"cw-sudan","name":"Sudan","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SDN","SDS"]},{"id":"RUS","geometry":"ne-RUS","name":"Russia (the Russian Empire; the RSFSR; the Russian Federation)","status":"moscow","semanticIds":["RUS"]},{"id":"UKR","geometry":"ne-UKR","name":"Ukraine","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UKR"]},{"id":"BLR","geometry":"ne-BLR","name":"Belarus (Byelorussia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BLR"]},{"id":"MDA","geometry":"ne-MDA","name":"Moldova (Moldavia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MDA"]},{"id":"EST","geometry":"ne-EST","name":"EST","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["EST"]},{"id":"LVA","geometry":"ne-LVA","name":"LVA","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LVA"]},{"id":"LTU","geometry":"ne-LTU","name":"LTU","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["LTU"]},{"id":"GEO","geometry":"ne-GEO","name":"GEO","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["GEO"]},{"id":"ARM","geometry":"ne-ARM","name":"ARM","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["ARM"]},{"id":"AZE","geometry":"ne-AZE","name":"AZE","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["AZE"]},{"id":"KAZ","geometry":"ne-KAZ","name":"KAZ","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KAZ"]},{"id":"UZB","geometry":"ne-UZB","name":"UZB","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["UZB"]},{"id":"TKM","geometry":"ne-TKM","name":"Turkmenistan","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["TKM"]},{"id":"KGZ","geometry":"ne-KGZ","name":"Kyrgyzstan (Kirghizia)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["KGZ"]},{"id":"TJK","geometry":"ne-TJK","name":"TJK","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["TJK"]},{"id":"CZE","geometry":"ne-CZE","name":"Czech Republic","status":"foreign","semanticIds":["CZE"]},{"id":"SVK","geometry":"ne-SVK","name":"Slovakia","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVK"]},{"id":"HRV","geometry":"ne-HRV","name":"Yugoslavia (Croatia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["HRV"]},{"id":"SVN","geometry":"ne-SVN","name":"Yugoslavia (Slovenia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["SVN"]},{"id":"MKD","geometry":"ne-MKD","name":"Yugoslavia (Macedonia; independent from 1991)","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["MKD"]},{"id":"YUGO","geometry":"remaining-yugoslavia-2000","name":"Yugoslavia","status":"neutral","semanticIds":["SRB","MNE","KOS"]},{"id":"BIH","geometry":"ne-BIH","name":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","status":"neighbour","semanticIds":["BIH"]}],"zones":{"z-chechnya":{"geometry":"chechnya-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-karabakh94":{"geometry":"karabakh-pre2020","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-transnistria":{"geometry":"transnistria-with-bender","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-abkhazia":{"geometry":"abkhazia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"},"z-sossetia":{"geometry":"sossetia-reference","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic","statusLabel":"Conflict region: published reference"}},"fronts":{"f-bam":{"geometry":"f-bam"}},"sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_DISPUTED_2018","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]}},"chapters":{"ch1":{"snapshot":"j1842","sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_RIVER","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"ch2":{"snapshot":"j1859","sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_RIVER","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"ch3":{"snapshot":"j1868","sourceIds":["CHOSHU","CLIO","CONTEXT","EDO","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"ch4":{"snapshot":"j1877","sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"ch5":{"snapshot":"j1889","sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"ch6":{"snapshot":"j1910","sourceIds":["CLIO","CONTEXT","JAPAN_RUSSIA","NE","NE_DISPUTED","TREATIES","ww-cliopatria-v0.2.1"],"notes":["Domains in earlier years use the published c.1862 village reconstruction, the nearest available source. Tenryo and rebellion overlays are explicitly regional locators and do not claim cadastral or uniform held territory."]},"ch7":{"snapshot":"e1980","sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","cw-AIRLIFT","cw-BERLIN_STATUS","cw-BERLIN_WALL","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE","cw-NE_ADMIN1"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"ch8":{"snapshot":"e1988","sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NKAO","cw-AIRLIFT","cw-BERLIN_STATUS","cw-BERLIN_WALL","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE","cw-NE_ADMIN1"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"ch9":{"snapshot":"e1991","sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NKAO","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"ch10":{"snapshot":"e1993","sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_DISPUTED_2018","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"ch11":{"snapshot":"e1996","sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_DISPUTED_2018","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]},"ch12":{"snapshot":"e2000","sourceIds":["CONTEXT","NE","NE_ADM1","NE_DISPUTED","NE_DISPUTED_2018","cw-CLIO","cw-DECOLONIZATION","cw-NE"],"notes":["The constituent Soviet republics use full successor-unit geographic references, with Crimea in Ukraine and the later Baikonur lease hole filled. Conflict hatches locate named territories and are excluded from sovereign-area accounting; source-date gaps are explicit."]}},"quizRegions":{"8":{"theater":"japan","geometry":"ne-TWN","snapshot":"j1895","targetId":"TWN","sourceIds":["NE"],"notes":"The complete named island/republic geography is included; the matching source sovereign layer remains independently dated."},"12":{"theater":"eurasia","geometry":"ne-LTU","snapshot":"e1990","targetId":"LTU","sourceIds":["NE"],"notes":"The complete named island/republic geography is included; the matching source sovereign layer remains independently dated."}},"assetProvenance":{"arrows":{"a-sankin-satsuma":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 1 · 1600–1853","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[130.56,31.6],[130.75,32.8],[130.9,33.85],[132.6,34.2],[135.3,34.66],[139.55,35.6]],"chapterIds":["ch1"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 1 — The Closed Country"]},"a-sankin-kaga":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 1 · 1600–1853","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[136.65,36.56],[137.6,36.9],[138.2,36.6],[138.6,36.35],[139.4,35.95],[139.7,35.72]],"chapterIds":["ch1"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 1 — The Closed Country"]},"a-dutch":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 1 · 1600–1853","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[116.5,20.6],[121.5,24.5],[126.0,29.0],[129.6,32.55]],"chapterIds":["ch1"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 1 — The Closed Country"]},"a-perry":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 2 · 1853–1858","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[127.7,26.2],[131.0,29.2],[135.5,32.8],[138.8,34.6],[139.72,35.22]],"chapterIds":["ch2"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 2 — The Black Ships"]},"a-putyatin":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 2 · 1853–1858","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[122.0,31.0],[125.5,31.9],[129.75,32.72]],"chapterIds":["ch2"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 2 — The Black Ships"]},"a-amur":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 2 · 1853–1858","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[121.9,53.3],[126.5,51.9],[130.5,48.2],[135.0,48.6],[137.2,50.7],[140.5,53.0]],"chapterIds":["ch2"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 2 — The Black Ships"]},"a-kagoshima63":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[131.0,30.7],[130.72,31.2],[130.6,31.55]],"chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"a-shimonoseki64":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[132.6,33.35],[131.8,33.75],[131.02,33.95]],"chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"a-choshu66":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[131.5,34.3],[131.1,34.02],[130.84,33.8]],"chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"a-tokaido68":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[135.76,35.0],[136.9,35.15],[137.9,34.75],[138.9,35.1],[139.6,35.58]],"chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"a-aizu68":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[139.75,35.72],[139.88,36.55],[140.21,37.12],[139.95,37.46]],"chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"a-hakodate69":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[140.6,40.95],[140.2,41.5],[140.15,41.95],[140.68,41.8]],"chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"a-taiwan74":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing named event date","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[129.8,32.6],[126.0,28.0],[122.5,24.0],[120.85,22.15]],"chapterIds":[],"evidenceRegister":[]},"a-ganghwa76":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[129.2,34.3],[127.0,34.25],[125.8,35.8],[126.35,37.6]],"chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"a-saigo77":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[130.56,31.6],[130.45,32.1],[130.6,32.5],[130.7,32.78]],"chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"a-govt77":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[130.4,33.59],[130.55,33.2],[130.65,32.95],[130.71,32.83]],"chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"a-hokkaido":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[140.74,40.82],[140.7,41.75],[140.85,42.6],[141.35,43.05],[142.36,43.77]],"chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"a-ryukyu79":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[130.55,31.5],[129.6,29.5],[128.4,27.6],[127.72,26.25]],"chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"a-iwakura71":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[139.65,35.4],[146.0,36.0],[152.0,37.5],[157.5,39.0]],"chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"a-korea94":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[126.6,37.45],[126.95,37.6],[126.2,38.5],[125.75,39.0],[124.6,40.0]],"chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"a-liaodong94":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[122.9,39.75],[122.2,39.4],[121.7,39.05],[121.3,38.85]],"chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"a-taiwan95":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[121.74,25.13],[121.4,24.9],[120.9,24.4],[120.55,23.8],[120.22,23.02]],"chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"a-portarthur04":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Existing named event date","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[121.95,39.02],[121.6,38.9],[121.28,38.83]],"chapterIds":[],"evidenceRegister":[]},"a-mukden05":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[122.3,40.3],[122.9,40.9],[123.2,41.3],[123.43,41.75]],"chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"a-baltic05":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[122.5,24.5],[124.5,28.0],[127.5,31.8],[129.45,34.0]],"chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"a-prague68":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[22.2,48.35],[19.2,48.8],[16.6,49.25],[14.55,50.05]],"chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"a-kabul79":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[67.3,37.6],[67.2,36.7],[68.6,35.6],[69.15,34.6]],"chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"a-herat79":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[62.35,35.6],[62.2,34.4],[63.5,32.8],[65.6,31.65]],"chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"a-oil":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[76.7,61.1],[66.0,59.0],[52.0,56.5],[37.5,53.0],[29.0,51.0],[24.2,49.9]],"chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"a-fallout86":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 8 · 1985–1989","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[30.1,51.4],[28.5,53.0],[25.0,55.5],[21.0,58.0],[18.2,60.4]],"chapterIds":["ch8"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 8 — Gorbachev’s Gamble"]},"a-afghanexit89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 8 · 1985–1989","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[69.15,34.6],[68.8,35.8],[67.5,36.9],[67.3,37.4]],"chapterIds":["ch8"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 8 — Gorbachev’s Gamble"]},"a-exodus89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[13.4,52.5],[13.8,51.0],[16.6,49.2],[19.05,47.5],[17.0,47.75],[16.37,48.21]],"chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"a-coup91":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[36.75,55.35],[37.2,55.6],[37.57,55.75]],"chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"a-karabakh-az":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[44.6,40.15],[45.4,40.75],[46.36,40.62],[47.8,40.45],[49.5,40.4]],"chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"a-karabakh-arm":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[49.8,40.9],[47.6,41.35],[45.9,41.4],[44.55,40.45]],"chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"a-abkhaz-refugees":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[41.0,43.0],[41.5,42.8],[41.87,42.5],[42.7,42.27],[44.0,41.9]],"chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"a-tajik-refugees":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[68.78,38.56],[68.77,37.84],[68.6,37.25],[68.85,36.73]],"chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"a-russians-return":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[76.9,43.25],[73.0,47.5],[68.5,51.5],[61.4,55.2]],"chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"a-grozny-n":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[44.3,44.3],[45.0,43.8],[45.62,43.37]],"chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"a-grozny-w":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[43.9,43.05],[44.8,43.2],[45.58,43.3]],"chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"a-grozny-e":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[47.3,44.05],[46.4,43.6],[45.78,43.35]],"chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"a-basayev95":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[45.5,43.4],[44.9,44.0],[44.22,44.74]],"chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"a-dagestan99":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"EPILOGUE · 1999–2000","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[45.7,43.15],[45.98,42.88],[46.2,42.68]],"chapterIds":["ch12"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 12 — Two Transitions Compared"]},"a-chechnya99-n":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"EPILOGUE · 1999–2000","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[44.8,44.6],[45.3,43.9],[45.62,43.42]],"chapterIds":["ch12"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 12 — Two Transitions Compared"]},"a-chechnya99-e":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"EPILOGUE · 1999–2000","notes":"This directional diagram uses named endpoints and makes no claim to a surveyed route. Event-specific references are in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[[47.0,43.2],[46.3,43.3],[45.78,43.32]],"chapterIds":["ch12"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 12 — Two Transitions Compared"]}},"markers":{"m-sekigahara":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 1 · 1600–1853","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[136.46,35.37],"label":"Sekigahara","chapterIds":["ch1"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 1 — The Closed Country"]},"m-dojima":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 1 · 1600–1853","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[135.49,34.69],"label":"The Dōjima rice exchange","chapterIds":["ch1"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 1 — The Closed Country"]},"m-dejima":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 1 · 1600–1853","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[129.87,32.74],"label":"Dejima","chapterIds":["ch1"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 1 — The Closed Country"]},"m-tenmei":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 1 · 1600–1853","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[141.15,39.7],"label":"The Tenmei famine","chapterIds":["ch1"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 1 — The Closed Country"]},"m-nanking42":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 1 · 1600–1853","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[118.78,32.07],"label":"The Treaty of Nanking","chapterIds":["ch1"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 1 — The Closed Country"]},"m-uraga":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 2 · 1853–1858","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.72,35.25],"label":"Perry at Uraga","chapterIds":["ch2"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 2 — The Black Ships"]},"m-kanagawa54":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Existing named event date","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.64,35.45],"label":"The Treaty of Kanagawa","chapterIds":[],"evidenceRegister":[]},"m-shimoda":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 2 · 1853–1858","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[138.94,34.68],"label":"Shimoda","chapterIds":["ch2"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 2 — The Black Ships"]},"m-hakodate54":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 2 · 1853–1858","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[140.73,41.77],"label":"Hakodate","chapterIds":["ch2"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 2 — The Black Ships"]},"m-ii58":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 2 · 1853–1858","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.7,35.4],"label":"The Harris treaty signed","chapterIds":["ch2"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 2 — The Black Ships"]},"m-kyoto58":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 2 · 1853–1858","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[135.76,35.02],"label":"The court refuses","chapterIds":["ch2"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 2 — The Black Ships"]},"m-kagoshima63":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[130.56,31.59],"label":"Kagoshima bombarded","chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"m-shimonoseki64":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[130.94,33.96],"label":"Shimonoseki","chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"m-toba68":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[135.74,34.93],"label":"Toba–Fushimi","chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"m-aizu68":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.93,37.49],"label":"Aizu-Wakamatsu","chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"m-goryokaku69":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 3 · 1858–1869","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[140.76,41.8],"label":"Goryōkaku","chapterIds":["ch3"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 3 — The Fall of the Shogunate"]},"m-oath68":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[135.762,35.025],"label":"The Charter Oath","chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"m-haihan71":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.75,35.685],"label":"The domains abolished","chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"m-saga74":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[130.3,33.25],"label":"The Saga Rebellion","chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"m-ganghwa76":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[126.49,37.75],"label":"The Treaty of Ganghwa","chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"m-kumamoto77":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[130.706,32.806],"label":"Kumamoto Castle","chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"m-shiroyama77":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 4 · 1868–1877","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[130.55,31.6],"label":"Shiroyama","chapterIds":["ch4"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 4 — Dismantling the Old Order"]},"m-tomioka72":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[138.89,36.255],"label":"The Tomioka silk mill","chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"m-iwakura71":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Existing named event date","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.64,35.44],"label":"The Iwakura Mission sails","chapterIds":[],"evidenceRegister":[]},"m-constitution89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.75,35.685],"label":"The constitution promulgated","chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"m-chichibu84":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.09,35.99],"label":"The Chichibu Incident","chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"m-ashio":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.45,36.63],"label":"Ashio","chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"m-shuri79":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[127.72,26.22],"label":"Shuri Castle","chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"m-sapporo":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 5 · 1877–1894","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[141.35,43.06],"label":"Sapporo and the Ainu","chapterIds":["ch5"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 5 — Building the Meiji State"]},"m-pyongyang94":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[125.75,39.02],"label":"Pyongyang","chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"m-tainan95":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[120.2,23.0],"label":"The conquest of Taiwan","chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"m-portarthur94":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[121.27,38.83],"label":"Port Arthur, 1894","chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"m-portarthur04":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[121.25,38.81],"label":"Port Arthur","chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"m-tsushima05":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[129.6,34.3],"label":"Tsushima","chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"m-hibiya05":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[139.756,35.674],"label":"The Hibiya riots","chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"m-seoul10":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[126.98,37.58],"label":"Korea annexed","chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"m-jeolla09":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 6 · 1894–1912","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[126.85,35.16],"label":"The righteous armies","chapterIds":["ch6"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 6 — A Great Power"]},"m-prague68":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[14.42,50.09],"label":"Prague","chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"m-samotlor":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[76.7,61.1],"label":"Samotlor","chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"m-bam":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[124.72,55.15],"label":"The BAM","chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"m-aral":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[59.6,45.0],"label":"The Aral Sea","chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"m-kabul79":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[69.17,34.53],"label":"Kabul","chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"m-afghandead":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 7 · 1964–1985","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[66.0,33.5],"label":"Afghanistan’s dead","chapterIds":["ch7"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 7 — The Stagnant Superpower"]},"m-chernobyl86":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 8 · 1985–1989","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[30.1,51.39],"label":"Chernobyl","chapterIds":["ch8"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 8 — Gorbachev’s Gamble"]},"m-almaty86":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 8 · 1985–1989","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[76.95,43.24],"label":"Alma-Ata","chapterIds":["ch8"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 8 — Gorbachev’s Gamble"]},"m-oilcrash86":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 8 · 1985–1989","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[73.4,61.25],"label":"The oil price falls","chapterIds":["ch8"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 8 — Gorbachev’s Gamble"]},"m-termez89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 8 · 1985–1989","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[67.28,37.22],"label":"The last soldier leaves","chapterIds":["ch8"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 8 — Gorbachev’s Gamble"]},"m-leningrad89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 8 · 1985–1989","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[30.32,59.94],"label":"The party loses in Leningrad","chapterIds":["ch8"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 8 — Gorbachev’s Gamble"]},"m-kuzbass89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 8 · 1985–1989","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[88.07,53.69],"label":"The miners’ strike","chapterIds":["ch8"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 8 — Gorbachev’s Gamble"]},"m-balticway89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[24.11,56.95],"label":"The Baltic Way","chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"m-berlin89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[13.38,52.52],"label":"The Wall opens","chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"m-tbilisi89":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[44.79,41.69],"label":"Tbilisi","chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"m-vilnius91":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[25.21,54.69],"label":"Vilnius TV tower","chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"m-karabakh":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[46.75,39.82],"label":"Nagorno-Karabakh","chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"m-whitehouse91":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[37.57,55.755],"label":"The White House, 1991","chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"m-belavezha91":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 9 · 1989–1991","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[24.0,52.6],"label":"Belavezha","chapterIds":["ch9"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 9 — The Union Unravels"]},"m-prices92":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[37.63,55.757],"label":"Prices freed","chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"m-uralmash":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[60.6,56.89],"label":"Uralmash","chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"m-bender92":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[29.48,46.83],"label":"Bender","chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"m-sukhumi93":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[41.02,43.0],"label":"Sukhumi","chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"m-dushanbe92":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[68.78,38.56],"label":"The Tajik civil war","chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"m-whitehouse93":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 10 · 1992–1993","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[37.57,55.755],"label":"The White House, 1993","chapterIds":["ch10"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 10 — Shock Therapy"]},"m-grozny95":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[45.69,43.32],"label":"Grozny’s civilians","chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"m-budyonnovsk95":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[44.17,44.78],"label":"Budyonnovsk","chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"m-khasavyurt96":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[46.59,43.25],"label":"Khasavyurt","chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"m-norilsk95":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[88.2,69.35],"label":"Norilsk Nickel","chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"m-yukos95":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[72.6,61.1],"label":"Yukos","chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"m-kazan94":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[49.11,55.79],"label":"Tatarstan’s treaty","chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"m-railwar98":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"CHAPTER 11 · 1994–1998","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[86.08,56.08],"label":"The rail war","chapterIds":["ch11"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 11 — A State at War with Itself"]},"m-dagestan99":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"EPILOGUE · 1999–2000","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[46.21,42.66],"label":"Botlikh","chapterIds":["ch12"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 12 — Two Transitions Compared"]},"m-apartments99":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"EPILOGUE · 1999–2000","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[42.15,47.51],"label":"The apartment bombings","chapterIds":["ch12"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 12 — Two Transitions Compared"]},"m-grozny00":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"EPILOGUE · 1999–2000","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[45.69,43.31],"label":"Grozny falls","chapterIds":["ch12"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 12 — Two Transitions Compared"]},"m-kremlin99":{"sourceIds":["CONTEXT"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"EPILOGUE · 1999–2000","notes":"This locates a named place, not the footprint of a historic site. Event-specific scholarly evidence is in SOURCES.md.","coordinates":[37.617,55.752],"label":"Yeltsin resigns","chapterIds":["ch12"],"evidenceRegister":["SOURCES.md: Chapter 12 — Two Transitions Compared"]}}},"review":{"limits":["c.1862 domain holdings are a source reconstruction using2015village proxies, not individual-year cadastral surveys.","Tenryo and rebellion regions are thematic administrative locators.","Port circles and route lines are explicit cartographic symbols, not concession perimeters or surveyed alignments.","Karabakh1994uses the archived pre2020NaturalEarth footprint, with possible minor2016differences unresolved; NKAO has its own former-oblast source.","South Ossetia/Abkhazia/Transnistria hatches are named full-region references, not a claim of uniform1990scontrol."]}}