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Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-MAC":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-MAC","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-VNM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-VNM","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-RUS":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-RUS","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-GEO":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-GEO","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-PHL":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-PHL","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-LTU":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-LTU","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-IRL":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-IRL","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-CZE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-CZE","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-FSM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-FSM","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-SVN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-SVN","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-LBN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-LBN","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-AZE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-AZE","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-BEL":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-BEL","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-AUT":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-AUT","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-EGY":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-EGY","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-SRB":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-SRB","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-HRV":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-HRV","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-DZA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-DZA","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-BLR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-BLR","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-PSE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-PSE","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-NOR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-NOR","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-HUN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-HUN","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-PNG":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-PNG","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-LAO":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-LAO","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-KHM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-KHM","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-CNM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-CNM","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-BGR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-BGR","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-SWE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-SWE","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-SGP":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-SGP","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-IRN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-IRN","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-MAR":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-MAR","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-ESB":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-ESB","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-MDA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-MDA","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-MNE":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-MNE","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-TLS":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-TLS","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-NLD":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-NLD","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-MYS":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-MYS","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-BIH":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-BIH","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-IRQ":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-IRQ","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-ARM":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-ARM","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-ALB":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-ALB","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-ITA":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-ITA","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-CHN":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-CHN","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-LUX":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-LUX","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-LBY":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-LBY","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-PLW":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-PLW","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-MLT":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-MLT","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ne-ESP":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ne-ESP","sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Natural Earth v5.1.2 geographic reference","notes":"This published geographic reference is overridden where dated unions, armistice divisions and transfers represent changed historical units. Minor frontier changes that have not been reviewed retain the explicit later-source reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"ussr":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"ussr","sourceIds":["NE","DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1991 geographic union","notes":"The union of successor units removes the internal borders that appeared after 1991. Its exterior is a proxy from a later source; Soviet military occupations of Czechoslovakia and Afghanistan are deliberately left out.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"czechoslovakia":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"czechoslovakia","sourceIds":["NE","DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1991","notes":"The successor units are combined, leaving no internal sovereign border from 1993.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"yugoslavia":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"yugoslavia","sourceIds":["NE","DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Postwar Yugoslav reference","notes":"The successor units are combined using a near-date exterior proxy. Dated source notes represent the Trieste adjustment separately.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"gdr-1949-without-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"gdr-1949-without-berlin","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_ADMIN1","BERLIN_WALL"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1949–1952","notes":"The dated source state has the separately identified four-power Berlin reference removed. This does not assign West Berlin to the GDR.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"gdr-1953-without-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"gdr-1953-without-berlin","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_ADMIN1","BERLIN_WALL"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1953–1972","notes":"The dated source state has the separately identified four-power Berlin reference removed. This does not assign West Berlin to the GDR.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"frg-1950-without-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"frg-1950-without-berlin","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_ADMIN1","BERLIN_WALL"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1950–1957","notes":"The dated source state has the separately identified four-power Berlin reference removed. This does not assign West Berlin to the GDR.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"frg-1958-without-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"frg-1958-without-berlin","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_ADMIN1","BERLIN_WALL"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1958–1989","notes":"The dated source state has the separately identified four-power Berlin reference removed. This does not assign West Berlin to the GDR.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"germany-quiz":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"germany-quiz","sourceIds":["CLIO","GERMANY"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1949/1950","notes":"Both German occupation/state territories are shown for the question about divided Germany.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"berlin-four-power":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"berlin-four-power","sourceIds":["NE_ADMIN1","CLIO","AIRLIFT","BERLIN_WALL","BERLIN_STATUS"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"1945–1990, later municipal exterior reference","notes":"Berlin is shown separately because it had four-power status. The later municipal exterior is joined to the enclave hole in the source, avoiding a false unassigned gap. This regional reference does not resolve sector boundaries, the Staaken exchange or small local boundary changes.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13125,"Name":"German Democratic Republic","FromYear":1953,"ToYear":1972,"Area":112473.32359966749,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"East Germany","Wikidata":"Q16957","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"iron-curtain":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"iron-curtain","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE","GERMANY"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Postwar division reference","notes":"These are shared geographic edges between the two German source states and their eastern and western neighbouring country references. The line marks the European division, including the Yugoslav-Western frontier; political membership and fortification were not identical along every segment.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"north-vietnam":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"north-vietnam","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1956–1966","notes":"The 1956–1966 North Vietnam reference is carried through 1968 to show the Geneva regroupment area, not later infiltration or occupation.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13164,"Name":"Democratic Republic of Vietnam","FromYear":1956,"ToYear":1966,"Area":157593.13018830976,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"North Vietnam","Wikidata":"Q172640","SeshatID":"vt_vietnam_democratic_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"south-vietnam":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"south-vietnam","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1956–1966","notes":"The 1956–1966 South Vietnam reference is carried through 1968 to show the Geneva regroupment area.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13153,"Name":"Republic of Vietnam","FromYear":1956,"ToYear":1966,"Area":180020.24255748818,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"South Vietnam","Wikidata":"Q172640","SeshatID":"vt_vietnam_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"mandate-palestine":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"mandate-palestine","sourceIds":["NE","CLIO","DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1947, near-date 1949 exterior reference","notes":"The union removes the later Israeli/Palestinian internal partition. Minor armistice-era adjustments are not independently resolved.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13090,"Name":"State of Israel","FromYear":1949,"ToYear":1952,"Area":21902.16983365184,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Israel","Wikidata":"Q801","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"israel-1949":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"israel-1949","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1949–1952","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control, including occupation, rather than internationally recognised sovereignty. Snapshot details document reuse of the nearest date.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13090,"Name":"State of Israel","FromYear":1949,"ToYear":1952,"Area":21902.16983365184,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Israel","Wikidata":"Q801","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"jordan-1949":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"jordan-1949","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1949–1952","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control, including occupation, rather than internationally recognised sovereignty. Snapshot details document reuse of the nearest date.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13084,"Name":"Kingdom of Jordan","FromYear":1949,"ToYear":1952,"Area":103473.44894876497,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Jordan","Wikidata":"Q810","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"israel-1987":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"israel-1987","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1987–2005","notes":"This is a published dated extent. Israeli source layers after 1967 show control, including occupation, rather than internationally recognised sovereignty. Snapshot details document reuse of the nearest date.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13453,"Name":"State of Israel","FromYear":1987,"ToYear":2005,"Area":28391.244163349995,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Israel","Wikidata":"Q801","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"malaya-1958":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"malaya-1958","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1958–1960","notes":"The Federation of Malaya source for 1958–1960 covers the peninsula alone. It is reused as a territorial reference before independence, not as a claim that Malaysia already existed.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13198,"Name":"Federation of Malaya","FromYear":1958,"ToYear":1960,"Area":139312.01279340577,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Federation of Malaya","Wikidata":"Q1479726","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"sarawak-1946":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"sarawak-1946","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1946–1946","notes":"The 1946 Sarawak outline is the nearest downloaded historical reference for the colony before 1963. It is not a boundary survey for every intervening year.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":12980,"Name":"Kingdom of Sarawak","FromYear":1946,"ToYear":1946,"Area":128405.69868612198,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Raj of Sarawak","Wikidata":"Q1658411","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"north-borneo":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"north-borneo","sourceIds":["NE","CLIO","DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Pre-1963 North Borneo; later coast/reference exterior","notes":"The 1946 Sarawak source is subtracted from published Malaysian Borneo geography. The result is a geographic reference for North Borneo and associated islands, retaining the later outer coastline.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"indonesia-without-papua":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"indonesia-without-papua","sourceIds":["NE","NE_ADMIN1","DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Before May 1963","notes":"The West New Guinea source reference is subtracted from present geographic Indonesia. This does not imply that Republican control was uniform during the independence conflict.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"west-new-guinea":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"west-new-guinea","sourceIds":["NE_ADMIN1","DECOLONIZATION"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Pre-1963 Netherlands New Guinea; later provincial reference","notes":"The published Indonesian Papua provincial references are combined to locate the territory before 1963, rather than its later internal divisions.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[]},"indonesia-with-timor":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"indonesia-with-timor","sourceIds":["NE","CLIO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1976–1991","notes":"This Indonesian administrative/control grouping includes occupied East Timor and uses successor-unit exterior references. It neither recognises the annexation nor maps areas of resistance.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13382,"Name":"Republic of Indonesia","FromYear":1976,"ToYear":2005,"Area":2041331.1319791598,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Indonesia","Wikidata":"Q252","SeshatID":"id_indonesian_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"india-1953":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"india-1953","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1953–1955","notes":"1953–1955 India reference.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13128,"Name":"Republic of India","FromYear":1953,"ToYear":1955,"Area":3165595.35773813,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"India","Wikidata":"Q668","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"pakistan-east-west":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"pakistan-east-west","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1948–1962","notes":"The dated Pakistan reference includes East Pakistan and uses the source allocation of Kashmir; it does not claim a consensus on sovereignty.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecords":[{"record":13055,"Name":"Islamic Republic of Pakistan","FromYear":1948,"ToYear":1962,"Area":1021668.643727407,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Pakistan","Wikidata":"Q843","SeshatID":"pk_pakistan_islamic_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}]},"sudeten":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"sudeten","sourceIds":["cliopatria-v0.2.1","german-occupation"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1938-10","notes":"The 1938 German outline is intersected with pre Munich Czechoslovakia. Polish and Hungarian acquisitions are excluded.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceFeatures":[{"record":12790,"key":"CLIO-v0.2.1-12790","name":"Nazi Germany","fromYear":1938,"toYear":1938,"geometrySha256":"a6853c59fa92ee8143e72373be1a0c80fbc2d62a3d81752d868fb638a065decc"},{"record":12773,"key":"CLIO-v0.2.1-12773","name":"Czechoslovakia","fromYear":1936,"toYear":1937,"geometrySha256":"2d53fb2305774370b54fce82e2671ba252dc43cf25346d95e92446312d47da43"}]},"germany1937":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"germany1937","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1936–1937","notes":"The full European components of the 1936–1937 German polity are selected. Erroneous remote island fragments in the source are excluded geographically, and Danzig remains separate.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecord":{"index":12766,"Name":"Nazi Germany","FromYear":1936,"ToYear":1937,"Area":497998.60418806045,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Nazi Germany","Wikidata":"Q7318","SeshatID":"de_ns_germany","Components":"","MemberOf":""}},"danzig1937":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"danzig1937","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1936–1938","notes":"The Free City of Danzig before 1939 is shown separately from 1937 German territory.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecord":{"index":12756,"Name":"Free City of Danzig","FromYear":1936,"ToYear":1938,"Area":2514.517091464797,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Free City of Danzig","Wikidata":"Q216173","SeshatID":"","Components":"","MemberOf":""}},"poland1937":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"poland1937","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1936–1938","notes":"The Second Polish Republic is shown before wartime border transfers.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecord":{"index":12738,"Name":"Second Polish Republic","FromYear":1936,"ToYear":1938,"Area":373079.01783988846,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Second Polish Republic","Wikidata":"Q207272","SeshatID":"pl_polish_rep_1","Components":"","MemberOf":""}},"finland1937":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"finland1937","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1920–1939","notes":"Finland before the Winter War, including Karelia and Petsamo.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecord":{"index":12517,"Name":"Republic of Finland","FromYear":1920,"ToYear":1939,"Area":376666.7864991957,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Finland","Wikidata":"Q33","SeshatID":"su_finland_rep","Components":"","MemberOf":""}},"italy1937-clio":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"italy1937-clio","sourceIds":["CLIO"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"1936–1937","notes":"The European Italian components are shown before postwar transfers, excluding overseas concessions. The eastern frontier is replaced by the reviewed published regional reconstruction below.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"sourceRecord":{"index":12764,"Name":"Kingdom of Italy","FromYear":1936,"ToYear":1937,"Area":295325.4077969071,"Type":"POLITY","Wikipedia":"Kingdom of Italy","Wikidata":"Q172579","SeshatID":"it_italian_k","Components":"","MemberOf":""}},"italy-eastern-reference":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"italy-eastern-reference","sourceIds":["nnw-yugoslavia-1929-1939","igm-fiume-1924","rome-treaty-1924"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1924-03-16 to pre-1941-04-06","notes":"This partial reference covers eastern Italy, not the whole country. It uses actual published regional geometry with a local IGM Fiume frontier reconstruction and retains full outlines. Its only use is to identify the prewar extent of regions transferred later.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"derivation":{"inputFile":"research/borders-2026-10-24/reconstructions/italy-1924/italy-eastern-frontier.geojson","sha256":"33447820afa293113a4d2605d21549857d193abc98719597cf0255198aeefd96","regionalReference":"1929–1939","fiumeRegistration":{"matrix":[[0.0001535462322158167,-4.595982334690803e-07],[-6.058548315863926e-07,-0.00010883419453043105],[14.299159012895869,45.428242423009195]],"rmsKm":0.012679610365317928,"maxKm":0.025143438033249886,"leaveOneOutRmsKm":0.021418942532030034,"leaveOneOutMaxKm":0.03084881313056465,"residualsKm":[0.011364948075041197,0.0017938653960376868,0.007620241079100088,0.00998412297370521,0.025143438033249886,0.00650475629832767],"notes":"The residuals concern registration of the printed graticule, not historical certainty. Raster stroke width, manual observations, the Monte Mario datum and the publication-era coastline add uncertainty."},"fiumeToRegionalJoinKm":0.9781193780099919,"reviewFile":"sources/geometry/italy-frontier-review.json"}},"italy1937":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"italy1937","sourceIds":["CLIO","nnw-yugoslavia-1929-1939","igm-fiume-1924","rome-treaty-1924"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1937","notes":"In Cliopatria European Italy, the deficient eastern region is replaced within a computational mask by the published Julian March/Istria/Fiume/Cres/Lošinj/Zara/Lastovo reconstruction. The mask is an internal domain for merging the data, never a historical border.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"derivation":{"inputFile":"research/borders-2026-10-24/reconstructions/italy-1924/italy-eastern-frontier.geojson","sha256":"33447820afa293113a4d2605d21549857d193abc98719597cf0255198aeefd96","regionalReference":"1929–1939","fiumeRegistration":{"matrix":[[0.0001535462322158167,-4.595982334690803e-07],[-6.058548315863926e-07,-0.00010883419453043105],[14.299159012895869,45.428242423009195]],"rmsKm":0.012679610365317928,"maxKm":0.025143438033249886,"leaveOneOutRmsKm":0.021418942532030034,"leaveOneOutMaxKm":0.03084881313056465,"residualsKm":[0.011364948075041197,0.0017938653960376868,0.007620241079100088,0.00998412297370521,0.025143438033249886,0.00650475629832767],"notes":"The residuals concern registration of the printed graticule, not historical certainty. Raster stroke width, manual observations, the Monte Mario datum and the publication-era coastline add uncertainty."},"fiumeToRegionalJoinKm":0.9781193780099919,"reviewFile":"sources/geometry/italy-frontier-review.json"}},"istria-transfer":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"istria-transfer","sourceIds":["nnw-yugoslavia-1929-1939","igm-fiume-1924","rome-treaty-1924","NE","PARIS1947"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1947–1954 transfer/exodus region; 1929–1939 source outline","notes":"The published prewar Italian eastern region is intersected with the postwar Yugoslav successor reference, and the whole explicitly ceded Zara/Lastovo/Cres–Lošinj components are added. This keeps those source coastlines where Natural Earth differs. Trieste and Tarvisio remain outside. The result includes the former Zone B hinterland in its later Yugoslav extent: it is therefore a regional reference for the 1943–1956 exodus, not the exact treaty-day or April 1947 frontier. The 1947 treaty entered into force in September, and the Trieste adjustment followed in 1954.","review":{"geometryValid":true},"derivation":{"inputFile":"research/borders-2026-10-24/reconstructions/italy-1924/italy-eastern-frontier.geojson","sha256":"33447820afa293113a4d2605d21549857d193abc98719597cf0255198aeefd96","regionalReference":"1929–1939","fiumeRegistration":{"matrix":[[0.0001535462322158167,-4.595982334690803e-07],[-6.058548315863926e-07,-0.00010883419453043105],[14.299159012895869,45.428242423009195]],"rmsKm":0.012679610365317928,"maxKm":0.025143438033249886,"leaveOneOutRmsKm":0.021418942532030034,"leaveOneOutMaxKm":0.03084881313056465,"residualsKm":[0.011364948075041197,0.0017938653960376868,0.007620241079100088,0.00998412297370521,0.025143438033249886,0.00650475629832767],"notes":"The residuals concern registration of the printed graticule, not historical certainty. Raster stroke width, manual observations, the Monte Mario datum and the publication-era coastline add uncertainty."},"fiumeToRegionalJoinKm":0.9781193780099919,"reviewFile":"sources/geometry/italy-frontier-review.json"}},"oder-west":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"oder-west","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1937territories / postwar successor references","notes":"This shows former 1937 German territory in postwar Poland. The hatch marks a territorial reference; it does not assert the presence or expulsion of every resident.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"east-prussia":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"east-prussia","sourceIds":["CLIO","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1937territories / postwar successor references","notes":"The East Prussian component comes from the 1937 source. The underlying dated geography supplies its later Polish/Soviet allocation.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"kresy":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"kresy","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1937territories / postwar successor references","notes":"The eastern prewar Polish territories are shown within the postwar Soviet reference. They were not a homogeneous ethnic region.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"karelia":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"karelia","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1937territories / postwar successor references","notes":"The prewar and postwar references are used to derive the Finnish territories ceded to the USSR, including Karelia/Salla/Petsamo.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"istria":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"istria","sourceIds":["nnw-yugoslavia-1929-1939","igm-fiume-1924","rome-treaty-1924","NE","PARIS1947"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1937territories / postwar successor references","notes":"The published prewar Italian eastern region is intersected with the postwar Yugoslav successor reference, and the whole explicitly ceded Zara/Lastovo/Cres–Lošinj components are added. This keeps those source coastlines where Natural Earth differs. Trieste and Tarvisio remain outside. The result includes the former Zone B hinterland in its later Yugoslav extent: it is therefore a regional reference for the 1943–1956 exodus, not the exact treaty-day or April 1947 frontier. The 1947 treaty entered into force in September, and the Trieste adjustment followed in 1954.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"berlin-official":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"berlin-official","sourceIds":["BERLIN_GEO","BERLIN_SECTORS"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Later official city exterior","notes":"Berlin’s official current exterior provides a geographic reference for the four-power city; the sector regions are distinguished.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"west-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"west-berlin","sourceIds":["BERLIN_GEO","BERLIN_SECTORS"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1990western sectors; later locality perimeters","notes":"The official successor localities of the 12 western districts are combined. West Staaken and small land exchanges retain later-source geography, making this a sector-area reference rather than an exact cadastral boundary for 1945 or 1989.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"east-berlin":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"east-berlin","sourceIds":["BERLIN_GEO","BERLIN_SECTORS"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1990eastern sector; later locality perimeters","notes":"The western-sector locality union is subtracted from the official Berlin reference, while the city retains its separate four-power identity.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"berlin-wall":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"berlin-wall","sourceIds":["BERLIN_WALL_VECTOR"],"method":"vector","referenceDate":"25April1989; nearest complete source for1961chapter","notes":"These are actual official mapped wall segments, with gaps across waterways and checkpoints retained. Their reuse for 1961 shows the later complete wall reference; it does not claim that every segment existed on 13 August 1961.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"british-zone":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"british-zone","sourceIds":["NE_ADMIN1","GERMANY"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1949, later state-union reference","notes":"The British occupation region uses full successor-state geography, with Bremen outside the British union. Small boundary exchanges are not resolved.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"french-zone":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"french-zone","sourceIds":["NE_ADMIN1","GERMANY"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1945–1949geographic reference","notes":"This combines Rhineland-Palatinate/Saar with southern Baden-Württemberg. The internal southwestern occupation division is reconstructed from named places near Rastatt–Calw–Tübingen–Ulm, rather than from a cadastral survey. Saar later acquires its own source state.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"gdr-1949-without-berlin-citycut":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"gdr-1949-without-berlin-citycut","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_ADMIN1","BERLIN_WALL","BERLIN_GEO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1949–1952","notes":"The separately mapped four-power city reference is removed from the dated German source.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"gdr-1953-without-berlin-citycut":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"gdr-1953-without-berlin-citycut","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_ADMIN1","BERLIN_WALL","BERLIN_GEO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1953–1972","notes":"The separately mapped four-power city reference is removed from the dated German source.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"frg-1950-without-berlin-citycut":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"frg-1950-without-berlin-citycut","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_ADMIN1","BERLIN_WALL","BERLIN_GEO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1950–1957","notes":"The separately mapped four-power city reference is removed from the dated German source.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"frg-1958-without-berlin-citycut":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"frg-1958-without-berlin-citycut","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE_ADMIN1","BERLIN_WALL","BERLIN_GEO"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1958–1989","notes":"The separately mapped four-power city reference is removed from the dated German source.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"vistula-regions":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"vistula-regions","sourceIds":["NE_ADMIN1","VISTULA"],"method":"proxy","referenceDate":"Later administrative references to1947affected regions","notes":"Full southeastern province references locate the deportation region described by the source. The thematic hatch does not claim that every settlement or inhabitant was affected.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"thai-cambodian-camps":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"thai-cambodian-camps","sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"1979–1990border-camp region","notes":"A 12 km geographic corridor surrounds the actual published international boundary. It is a study region for camps and displacement, not an exact continuous refugee camp or resistance perimeter.","review":{"geometryValid":true}},"curtain":{"geometryFile":"sources/geometry/displacement-geography.geojson","featureId":"curtain","sourceIds":["CLIO","NE","GERMANY"],"method":"reconstruction","referenceDate":"Postwar division reference","notes":"Selected shared historical/geographic border lines mark the German, Czechoslovak and Hungarian frontier. 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The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a75":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"asylum"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"west"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"west"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"ne-IDN","name":"Indonesia","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"neutral"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"west"},{"id":"TLS","geometry":"ne-TLS","name":"East Timor","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"west"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"}],"zones":{},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. 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The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a78":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"asylum"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"asylum"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"asylum"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"commun"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"refused"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"asylum"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"indonesia-with-timor","name":"Indonesia and occupied East Timor","status":"asylum","semanticIds":["IDN","TLS"]}],"zones":{},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a79j":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"refused"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"refused"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"asylum"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"commun"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"refused"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"refused"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"indonesia-with-timor","name":"Indonesia and occupied East Timor","status":"refused","semanticIds":["IDN","TLS"]}],"zones":{"z-khborder":{"geometry":"thai-cambodian-camps","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a79g":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"refused"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"asylum"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"asylum"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"commun"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"refused"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"asylum"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"indonesia-with-timor","name":"Indonesia and occupied East Timor","status":"asylum","semanticIds":["IDN","TLS"]}],"zones":{"z-khborder":{"geometry":"thai-cambodian-camps","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a79o":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"asylum"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"asylum"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"asylum"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"commun"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"refused"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"asylum"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"indonesia-with-timor","name":"Indonesia and occupied East Timor","status":"asylum","semanticIds":["IDN","TLS"]}],"zones":{"z-khborder":{"geometry":"thai-cambodian-camps","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a81":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"refused"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"asylum"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"asylum"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"commun"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"refused"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"asylum"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"indonesia-with-timor","name":"Indonesia and occupied East Timor","status":"asylum","semanticIds":["IDN","TLS"]}],"zones":{"z-khborder":{"geometry":"thai-cambodian-camps","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a82":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"refused"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"asylum"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"refused"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"commun"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"refused"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"asylum"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"indonesia-with-timor","name":"Indonesia and occupied East Timor","status":"asylum","semanticIds":["IDN","TLS"]}],"zones":{"z-khborder":{"geometry":"thai-cambodian-camps","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a89":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"asylum"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"asylum"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"asylum"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"commun"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"asylum"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"asylum"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"indonesia-with-timor","name":"Indonesia and occupied East Timor","status":"asylum","semanticIds":["IDN","TLS"]}],"zones":{"z-khborder":{"geometry":"thai-cambodian-camps","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]},"a89d":{"theater":"asia","baseMode":"historical","features":[{"id":"THA","geometry":"ne-THA","name":"Thailand","status":"asylum"},{"id":"JPN","geometry":"ne-JPN","name":"Japan","status":"west"},{"id":"BGD","geometry":"ne-BGD","name":"Bangladesh","status":"neutral"},{"id":"TWN","geometry":"ne-TWN","name":"Taiwan","status":"west"},{"id":"GUM","geometry":"ne-GUM","name":"Guam","status":"west"},{"id":"MAC","geometry":"ne-MAC","name":"Macau","status":"west"},{"id":"VNM","geometry":"ne-VNM","name":"Vietnam","status":"commun"},{"id":"PHL","geometry":"ne-PHL","name":"Philippines","status":"asylum"},{"id":"HKG","geometry":"ne-HKG","name":"Hong Kong","status":"refused"},{"id":"FSM","geometry":"ne-FSM","name":"Federated States of Micronesia","status":"west"},{"id":"IND","geometry":"ne-IND","name":"India","status":"neutral"},{"id":"MMR","geometry":"ne-MMR","name":"Myanmar","status":"neutral"},{"id":"PNG","geometry":"ne-PNG","name":"Papua New Guinea","status":"west"},{"id":"LAO","geometry":"ne-LAO","name":"Laos","status":"commun"},{"id":"KHM","geometry":"ne-KHM","name":"Cambodia","status":"commun"},{"id":"BRN","geometry":"ne-BRN","name":"Brunei","status":"west"},{"id":"AUS","geometry":"ne-AUS","name":"Australia","status":"west"},{"id":"SGP","geometry":"ne-SGP","name":"Singapore","status":"asylum"},{"id":"MYS","geometry":"ne-MYS","name":"Malaysia","status":"asylum"},{"id":"CHN","geometry":"ne-CHN","name":"People's Republic of China","status":"commun"},{"id":"PLW","geometry":"ne-PLW","name":"Palau","status":"west"},{"id":"MNP","geometry":"ne-MNP","name":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"west"},{"id":"IDN","geometry":"indonesia-with-timor","name":"Indonesia and occupied East Timor","status":"asylum","semanticIds":["IDN","TLS"]}],"zones":{"z-khborder":{"geometry":"thai-cambodian-camps","clip":null,"areaRole":"thematic"}},"fronts":{},"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"notes":["Territories and displacement hatching are reconstructed from published source geometry. The hatched areas locate historical regions; ethnicity, displacement and control were not necessarily uniform at every point within them.","The layer records give the full source geometry and date choices. Arrows remain schematic routes, using the lesson’s existing volume categories.","The 1954 Vietnam line uses the nearest published regroupment polygons, from 1956. The Thai-Cambodian overlay is a 12 km study corridor around the actual boundary; markers identify individual camps separately."]}},"chapters":{"ch1":{"snapshot":"e45","sourceIds":["USHMM_DP"],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1945.35; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch2":{"snapshot":"e45p","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1945.6; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch3":{"snapshot":"e47","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1947.33; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch4":{"snapshot":"e47x","sourceIds":["USHMM_DP"],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1947.55; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch5":{"snapshot":"e51","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1951.57; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch6":{"snapshot":"e56","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1956.88; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch7":{"snapshot":"a75d","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1975.93; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch8":{"snapshot":"a78","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1978.5; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch9":{"snapshot":"a79j","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1979.46; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch10":{"snapshot":"a79o","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1979.85; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch11":{"snapshot":"a89d","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1989.95; each selected source records its own reference interval."]},"ch12":{"snapshot":"e90","sourceIds":[],"notes":["Chapter narrative date: 1990.87; each selected source records its own reference interval."]}},"quizRegions":{"9":{"theater":"europe","geometry":"ne-AUT","sourceIds":["NE"]}},"assetProvenance":{"arrows":{"a-labour-in":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[27.5,50.2],[23.5,50.9],[19.0,51.4],[14.0,51.6],[8.6,51.4]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-flight45":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[21.0,54.2],[18.0,53.8],[15.2,53.4],[12.6,53.5],[10.7,53.8]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-hannibal":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[19.9,54.7],[17.6,55.25],[14.6,55.1],[12.0,54.7],[10.3,54.45]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-whitebuses":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[10.23,53.43],[10.9,54.4],[12.2,55.25],[13.0,55.6]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-exp-pomerania":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[18.4,54.15],[16.2,53.95],[13.8,53.75],[11.8,53.85],[10.4,53.95]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-exp-silesia":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[18.2,50.6],[16.9,51.05],[15.0,51.45],[12.8,52.0],[10.3,52.4]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-exp-sudeten-us":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[14.1,50.45],[13.2,50.0],[12.3,49.65],[11.2,49.3],[10.2,48.95]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-exp-sudeten-sov":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[14.0,50.65],[13.4,50.85],[12.9,51.05]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-exp-hungary":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[18.96,47.46],[17.2,47.95],[14.6,48.3],[12.1,48.45],[9.7,48.75]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-lwow-wroclaw":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[24.03,49.84],[22.1,50.25],[19.6,50.75],[17.15,51.1]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-vilnius-poland":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[25.28,54.69],[23.6,54.15],[21.7,53.95],[20.4,53.85]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-ukr-ussr":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[22.9,49.9],[24.3,49.6],[25.7,49.55],[27.2,49.4]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-vistula":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[22.25,49.45],[21.4,50.9],[20.9,52.4],[20.5,53.75]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-karelia":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[28.73,60.71],[27.5,61.15],[26.1,61.85],[25.2,62.55]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-istria":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[13.85,44.87],[13.4,45.25],[12.9,45.5],[12.35,45.45]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-repat-east":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[11.4,48.9],[15.5,50.6],[20.0,51.7],[25.0,52.3],[30.5,52.6]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-repat-west":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[9.2,50.9],[6.6,50.3],[4.2,49.55],[2.4,48.95]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-lienz":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[12.77,46.83],[13.8,46.95],[14.66,47.17]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-bricha":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[20.2,51.2],[16.2,50.42],[16.4,48.3],[13.6,47.85],[11.7,48.1]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-aliyah":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[11.6,47.9],[11.5,46.9],[12.6,44.6],[16.6,40.6],[24.0,35.6],[34.8,32.9]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-exodus-back":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[34.6,33.1],[18.5,35.6],[5.4,42.9],[-6.0,36.2],[-10.0,43.8],[-5.2,48.6],[3.2,51.6],[9.9,53.5]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-res-us":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[8.58,53.54],[3.2,51.6],[-3.5,49.9],[-10.9,49.2]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-res-canada":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[9.95,53.6],[5.2,55.6],[-2.6,58.1],[-10.9,57.6]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-res-aus":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[14.25,40.8],[20.0,35.3],[27.5,32.4],[32.3,31.3],[32.6,30.05]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-res-israel":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[5.37,43.25],[12.0,39.3],[24.5,34.4],[34.85,32.85]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-res-uk":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[9.0,52.1],[5.0,52.35],[1.0,52.1],[-1.6,52.5]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-nakba-gaza":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[35.0,32.45],[34.8,32.0],[34.6,31.7],[34.42,31.45]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-nakba-east":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[34.95,32.25],[35.5,32.15],[36.05,31.95]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-hun-austria":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[19.04,47.5],[17.9,47.72],[17.03,47.8],[16.7,47.95]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-hun-yugo":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[19.3,46.75],[19.55,46.25],[19.8,45.6]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-hun-onward":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[16.3,48.25],[12.0,49.2],[6.0,50.2],[-2.0,51.0],[-10.9,51.8]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-gdr-flight":{"sourceIds":["UNHCR2000","POTSDAM"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[12.37,51.34],[13.0,51.95],[13.37,52.42],[11.4,52.45],[9.75,52.35]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-evac75":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[106.9,10.6],[110.5,11.6],[115.5,13.4],[120.2,14.75],[130.0,14.3],[144.6,13.5]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-guam-us":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[144.9,13.7],[145.4,16.5],[145.9,20.5]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-ppevac-n":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[104.92,11.56],[104.5,12.3],[103.9,12.85],[103.25,13.1]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-ppevac-s":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[104.95,11.5],[104.8,11.05],[104.45,10.65]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-hmong75":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[102.97,19.12],[102.75,18.6],[102.45,18.05],[101.85,17.55]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-vn-from-kh":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[104.6,11.9],[105.4,11.25],[106.1,10.75]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-hoa-land":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[105.85,21.03],[106.35,21.5],[106.76,21.97],[107.5,22.55],[108.3,22.8]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-nez":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[106.62,10.85],[107.3,11.3],[108.1,11.85]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-lao-thai":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[105.9,16.3],[105.2,15.8],[104.86,15.25]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-khmer-thai":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[103.2,13.1],[102.85,13.45],[102.55,13.7]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-boats-early":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[106.0,9.35],[105.0,7.6],[103.6,5.9]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-boat-my":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[105.4,8.9],[104.4,7.1],[103.15,5.75]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-boat-th":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[104.8,9.35],[103.0,8.55],[101.6,7.85],[100.7,7.25]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-boat-id":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[107.1,10.3],[107.6,7.2],[106.4,3.3]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-boat-hk":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[106.75,20.8],[108.6,20.3],[110.9,20.15],[112.7,21.4],[114.05,22.2]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-pushback":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[103.2,5.55],[104.4,5.2],[105.4,4.1]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-preahvihear":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[104.35,14.95],[104.55,14.62],[104.68,14.42],[104.95,13.95]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-res-us-pac":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[120.4,14.85],[128.0,17.4],[134.5,19.4],[141.0,20.6]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-res-aus-pac":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[104.3,0.6],[112.0,-6.2],[122.0,-10.3],[130.6,-12.35]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-res-europe":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[100.5,13.7],[98.0,12.0],[95.0,10.6],[92.4,9.8]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-odp":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[106.62,10.85],[104.2,12.4],[100.65,13.85]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-kid":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[103.5,13.0],[103.15,13.4],[102.85,13.75]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-cpa-hk":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[114.15,22.3],[111.6,21.7],[108.5,21.45],[105.85,21.2]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-cpa-sea":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[103.1,5.7],[105.0,8.2],[106.6,10.75]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-amerasian":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[106.7,10.85],[113.0,12.9],[120.3,14.75]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."},"a-border85":{"sourceIds":["INDOCHINA","ASIA1979"],"method":"reconstruction","coordinates":[[103.45,13.35],[103.2,13.65],[102.92,13.92]],"notes":"The migration route has named endpoints; the curves between them explain the route, rather than tracing every individual journey. The volume category remains the lesson’s source-based estimate."}},"markers":{"m-surrender":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.53,52.49],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-belsen":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[9.91,52.76],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-ruhr":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[7.01,51.46],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-pillau":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[19.9,54.64],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-yalta":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[34.16,44.5],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-whitebuses":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.0,55.6],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-potsdam":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.06,52.39],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-lidice":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[14.19,50.14],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-brno":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[16.61,49.2],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-budaors":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[18.96,47.46],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-friedland":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[9.91,51.42],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-lwow":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[24.03,49.84],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-wroclaw":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[17.03,51.11],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-volhynia":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[25.33,50.75],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-vistula":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[22.2,49.56],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-viipuri":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[28.73,60.71],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-pola":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.85,44.87],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-feldafing":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[11.29,47.95],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-wildflecken":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[9.91,50.37],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-lienz":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[12.77,46.83],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-kielce":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[20.63,50.87],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-exodus":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[34.99,32.82],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-arolsen":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[9.0,51.38],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-cyprus":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[33.93,35.13],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-geneva":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[6.14,46.21],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-bremerhaven":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[8.58,53.54],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-tempelhof":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.4,52.47],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-gaza":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[34.45,31.5],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-prague48":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[14.42,50.09],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-andau":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[17.03,47.77],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-traiskirchen":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[16.29,48.01],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-budapest56":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[19.04,47.5],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-marienfelde":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.37,52.42],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-bonn":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[7.1,50.73],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-stuttgart":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[9.18,48.78],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-warsaw90":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[21.01,52.23],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-berlindoc":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.38,52.5],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-magazzino":{"sourceIds":["NE","UNHCR2000"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.76,45.66],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-saigon":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[106.7,10.78],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-phnompenh":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[104.92,11.56],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-longtieng":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[102.97,19.12],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-vientiane":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[102.63,17.97],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-guam":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[144.79,13.44],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-reedu":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[104.5,21.9],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-nez":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[108.2,11.9],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-cholon":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[106.64,10.75],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-friendship":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[106.76,21.97],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-choeungek":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[104.9,11.48],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-banvinai":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[101.8,17.47],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-bidong":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[103.06,5.62],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-hk":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[114.16,22.3],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-haihong":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[101.39,3.0],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-langson":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[106.76,21.85],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-kokra":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[100.72,8.4],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-preahvihear":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[104.68,14.39],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-galang":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[104.23,0.7],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-bataan":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[120.36,14.78],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-khaoidang":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[102.73,13.87],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-tansonnhat":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[106.66,10.82],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-capanamur":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[109.5,8.5],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-site2":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[102.82,14.1],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-whitehead":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[114.23,22.42],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."},"m-noibai":{"sourceIds":["NE","INDOCHINA"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[105.8,21.22],"notes":"This named-place location is retained from the lesson. It is a location reference, not an independently surveyed camp/incident footprint."}},"cities":{"0":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[-0.13,51.5],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"1":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[2.35,48.86],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"2":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.4,52.52],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"3":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[21.01,52.23],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"4":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[14.42,50.09],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"5":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[16.37,48.21],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial 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territorial boundary."},"13":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[13.77,45.65],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"14":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[24.94,60.17],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"15":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[18.07,59.33],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"16":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[23.73,37.98],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"17":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[28.98,41.01],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"18":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[26.1,44.43],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"19":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[18.65,54.35],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"20":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[14.55,53.43],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"21":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[20.51,54.71],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"22":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[25.28,54.69],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"23":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[105.85,21.03],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"24":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[106.68,20.86],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"25":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[108.22,16.05],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"26":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[100.49,13.75],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"27":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[101.69,3.14],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"28":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[103.85,1.29],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"29":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[106.85,-6.21],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"30":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[120.98,14.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"31":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[108.32,22.82],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"32":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[130.84,-12.46],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"33":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[121.56,25.03],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"34":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[96.16,16.8],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"35":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[100.6,7.2],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"36":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[102.51,13.69],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."}},"labels":{"0":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[8.6,49.8],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"1":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[17.8,52.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"2":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[19.4,48.75],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"3":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[14.0,47.45],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"4":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[20.6,46.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"5":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[18.6,44.0],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"6":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[24.9,45.85],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"7":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[25.3,42.75],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"8":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[21.9,39.4],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"9":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[12.8,43.3],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"10":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[2.4,47.0],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"11":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[-4.0,40.0],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"12":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[-2.0,53.2],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"13":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[31.0,56.0],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"14":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[26.4,63.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"15":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[15.6,62.8],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"16":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[9.0,61.4],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"17":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[35.5,39.3],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"18":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[3.5,56.0],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"19":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[19.2,57.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"20":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[18.0,34.8],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"21":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[34.0,43.3],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"22":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[-8.5,46.8],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"23":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[-9.8,57.3],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"24":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[29.6,32.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"25":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[107.9,13.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"26":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[101.9,20.5],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"27":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[105.7,13.2],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"28":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[101.0,15.9],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"29":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[96.9,21.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"30":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[102.2,4.4],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"31":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[113.6,-1.4],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"32":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[122.9,12.0],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"33":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[108.0,25.2],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"34":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[121.0,23.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"35":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[134.5,-12.4],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"36":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[113.6,13.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"37":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[101.9,10.2],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"38":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[135.5,6.5],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"39":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[111.0,-4.8],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"40":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[97.6,9.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"41":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[137.0,23.3],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."},"42":{"sourceIds":["NE"],"method":"proxy","coordinates":[94.0,8.6],"notes":"Cartographic place/label reference, not a territorial boundary."}}}}